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FALL 2022
NEWSLETTER
VOL. 5, NO. 2
DRAWINGS AND PHOTOGRAPHS FROM PERRY, DEAN ROGERS PARTNERS
Carl Childs, Executive Director of the John D. Rockefeller Jr. Library, and Sarah Nerney, left, and Donna Cooke, right, Corporate Archivists, are pleased to receive the first box filled with tubes of architectural drawings at the Packets Court Record s
Center on January 9, 2023.
Photo by Marianne Martin
IN THIS ISSUE
Drawings and Photographs:
p. 1-4
Colonial Heritage Group Visit:
p. 5
Friends Fund Newspaper Purchase :
p. 6
Felicity in Williamsburg Collection
p. 7-8
Frenzel Photograph Collection:
p. 9-11
Early January marked the arrival of hundreds of architectural drawings and several boxes of black and white photographs from Perry,
Dean, Rogers & Partners Architects of Boston, who designed the
John D. Rockefeller Jr. Library. The firm evolved from Perry, Shaw &
Hepburn, the architectural team hired to oversee Williamsburg’s
initial restoration from the late 1920s to the 1930s. One of the
founding architects for Colonial Williamsburg’s restoration program.
William Graves Perry served as lead architect for the Boston architectural firm of Perry, Shaw, and Hepburn, which he opened in
1
�DRAWINGS AND PHOTOGRAPHS
(continued)
Portrait of William Graves Perry, founding architect of Perry,
Shaw, and Hepburn of Boston.
By Fabian Bachrach, late 1920s
1922. In 1927, his firm began to assist with the restoration of several buildings in Williamsburg as Dr. W.A.R. Goodwin and John
D. Rockefeller Jr. worked as silent partners to acquire various properties. Later, after the announcement of Rockefeller as the
benefactor for the project in 1928, the firm became the official project architects for the full-scale restoration of Williamsburg’s
historic district.
Like Colonial Williamsburg, Perry, Dean, Rogers & Partners will soon be celebrating its centennial. Preliminary planning
for the observance led Perry, Dean, Rogers staff to begin review of many of its archived projects, including the significant work
completed by its Williamsburg office towards the beginning of the firm’s existence. They discovered three hundred sixty-nine
rolls of architectural drawings, along with loose pages from a photo album, documenting both the progress of restoration and
reconstruction work underway in Williamsburg and architectural precedents in the region studied in connection with the project.
After reviewing their contents, the firm contacted the Rockefeller Library to see if it would be interested in adding a portion of
the items to its extensive Perry, Shaw, and Hepburn archives, which encompasses documents, scrapbooks, photos, and drawings.
2
�DRAWINGS AND PHOTOGRAPHS
(continued)
A contracted art handler delivered the drawings and photos to the Corporate Archives storage facility located at Packet’s Court on January 9, 2023. A total of 187 tubes plus one bundle of drawings and four records cartons of photographs arrived safely. The items will be quarantined to check for the presence of pests or mold to prevent migration to existing collections. Small quantities of materials will be brought to the library over time for careful comparison with existing architectural
and photographic archives. Staff will develop appraisal criteria for the selection of drawings and photos from the records
transfer to add to the permanent collections at the Rockefeller Library. We are hoping to discover some new treasures amidst
this acquisition that can be utilized in exhibitions, publications, and digital media being planned for the celebration of Colonial
Williamsburg’s centennial celebration in 2026!
Sarah Nerney, Joel Voron, Marianne Martin, and Donna Cooke examine boxes of photos at the Packets Court Records Center.
Photo by Brendan Sostak
3
�DRAWINGS AND PHOTOGRAPHS
(continued)
Joel Voron, Senior Integrated Pest Management Technician, and Sarah Nerney, Associate Archivist, check photographs from one of the records cartons for signs of pest or
mold damage at the Packets Court Records Center.
Photo by Brendan Sostak.
Tubes of rolled drawings relating to Colonial Williamsburg in situ in the attic storage area of
Perry Dean Rogers Partners Architects.
Photo by Mark Freeman, 2022.
4
�COLONIAL HERITAGE GROUP VISIT
Associate Archivist, Donna Cooke, shows key documents from the history of
the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation.
The library welcomed 30 members of the Colonial Heritage History Club on Wednesday November 30th to tour the facility and
to see some of the library’s treasures. Colonial Heritage is a Williamsburg community designed for active adults and their history club was started shortly after the first residents moved into the development. The club’s mission is to offer residents an opportunity to explore local historical sites and attend presentations on a wide variety of topics.
Attendees received an overview of the library’s circulating and reference collection by Melissa Schutt and treated to
behind-the-scenes tours of Corporate Archives by Donna Cooke, Media Collections by Tracey Gulden and Jenna Simpson, Special Collections by Doug Mayo, and Visual Resources by Marianne Martin.
Attendees saw treasures such as including home movies showing Bruton Parish Church and Black coachmen navigating the Historic Area in the 1950s, the Harvard Footage, which shows Colonial Williamsburg’s Historic Area in the early Restoration began, and music from the 1950 Williamsburg Quintet album, composed of five local Black residents that performed
around Colonial Williamsburg, the December 7, 1926 telegram from “David’s Father” (John D. Rockefeller, Jr.) authorizing the
purchase of the Ludwell Paradise House, the printing plate for the bags of meal ground at Robertson’s Windmill, a printing of
the Declaration of Independence in the Virginia Gazette dated July 20, 1776, a French translation of the Articles of Capitulation
agreed to by Lord Cornwallis at Yorktown in 1781, and some of the earliest conceptual drawings for the Historic Area and Merchants Square dating to the late 1920s. The group also learned how the work of library staff informs the interpretive programming seen in the Historic Area and exhibitions in the Art Museums.
5
�LIBRARY FRIENDS FUND PURCHASE OF VIRGINIA GAZETTE
The John D. Rockefeller Jr. Library has recently
acquired an original printing of John Pinkney’s
Virginia Gazette for April 28, 1775. Just days before this issue was printed British forces, acting
at the behest of Governor Dunmore, removed
the colony’s supply of gunpowder from the Magazine in Williamsburg. The resolves of the county
of Gloucester condemning this act were printed
in the Gazette. The resolves called the removal
of the powder “exceedingly alarming” and characterized the Governor’s explanation of the removal as “unsatisfactory, disrespectful, and evasive.” The committee also resolved that the Governor had “justly forfeited all title to the confidence of the GOOD PEOPLE OF VIRGINIA and
demanded that “the POWDER ought IMMEDIATELY to be restored.” Further resolves called
for the support of local manufacturing including
the manufacture of gunpowder. Noteworthy
advertisements include one from William Pasteur and John M. Galt announcing their partnership and intention of “practicing PHYSIC and
SURGERY to their fullest extent …” in addition to
running an apothecary shop. Additionally, an
advertisement from Williamsburg milliner Catherine Rathell includes her announcement that
she intends to leave the colony for England “and
remain there until liberty of importation is allowed … ”
First page of John Pinkney’s Virginia Gazette for April 28, 1775.
6
The Friends of John D. Rockefeller Jr.
Library group brings together people with a personal commitment to strengthening, protecting,
and sharing the library’s world class research
collections. Funding is used to acquire, digitize,
conserve, and disseminate library collections. In
short, our Friends help the library support Colonial Williamsburg’s educational mission: "That
the future may learn from the past." To join visit
the Friends of John D. Rockefeller Jr. Library
page.
�NEW CORPORATE ARCHIVES ACCESSSION: NOTEBOOK FOR FELICITY IN WILLIAMSBURG: AN AMERICAN
GIRLS LIVING HISTORY PROGRAM
As 2022 drew to a close, Corporate Archives received a very delightful new accession indeed: a notebook documenting the Felicity in Williamsburg: An American Girls Living History Program from the late 1990s. The Felicity in Williamsburg program was
a partnership between Colonial Williamsburg and Pleasant Company, creator of the American Girl dolls and books. The Felicity
Merriman doll was the fourth doll in the American Girl series, released in 1991, featuring a girl from Williamsburg, Virginia, who
lived in the year 1774. Accompanying her over the years were an array of books, clothes, furniture, and accessories that were
very popular. This gave Colonial Williamsburg a prime opportunity to provide education and entertainment to young girls and
their families in the town where “Felicity lived” and partnered with Pleasant Company to devise a two part program: a walking
tour through the Historic Area that integrated the adventures of Felicity with the real-life people, places and events of Virginia’s 18th century capital city; and lessons with Miss Manderley, the deportment teacher in the books, where a character interpreter would portray the teacher and provide lessons to visiting girls in how to stitch a pincushion, perform an 18th century
dance, and to properly serve tea. The notebook sent to Archives documents the program goals, tour, lesson outlines, in addition to program brochures and ephemera like buttons, and provides internal information about the various Miss Manderley
interpreters and tour mechanics. There are house guides for the Everard House part of the tour, where visitors observed objects that would have existed in a house like Felicity’s. There are snapshot photos of visiting little girls with their Felicity dolls,
in colonial costume, and interacting with the tour guides and Miss Manderley. There are several pieces of correspondence
from girls thanking Miss Manderley and updating her on their sampler progress. One page has an extremely adorable clothespin doll of Felicity wearing her blue Holiday Gown made by a visitor and sent to one of the Miss Manderley interpreters. Many
young girls grew up with Felicity and still have fond memories of her and of their visits to Williamsburg even though they are
now in their 30s (and dare I say inching into their 40s?). Records like these are a wonderful reminder of a very special experience that many of them had at Colonial Williamsburg with Felicity in Williamsburg and we are pleased to add it to the other
documentation that we hold about this program.
The collection will be available for research once it is fully processed and conserved.
Cover of Felicity in Williamsburg.
7
�FELICITY IN WILLIAMSBURG
(continued)
Felicity in Williamsburg program guides.
Felicity buttons.
8
�THE GEORGE & DOLORES FRENZEL PHOTOGRAPH COLLECTION
Residence with door decorated in the Williamsburg style with a fruit fan of apples, oranges, pomegranates, and a pineapple and windows decorated with accents made of pine branches, pineapples,
and pomegranates in neighborhood along West 11th Street in Brooklyn, NY.
During the month of December, the Rockefeller Library staff has been posting a series on our Facebook page about our favorite
Colonial Williamsburg Christmas decorations. As the year concluded, we turned the focus of the series outward to look at the
impact of Colonial Williamsburg’s holiday decorating style upon other communities. Many repeat visitors who love to visit the
Historic Area during the holiday season are inspired to take some of the decorating ideas and activities back to share with their
hometowns. One such couple, George and Dolores Frenzel, spent many years accompanying Dolores’s father on annual holiday
trips to Williamsburg. After his passing, they decided to bring a Colonial Williamsburg Christmas to their block in Brooklyn, New
York. They inaugurated a colonial themed holiday celebration in connection with the 350th anniversary of the Gravesend area
where their neighborhood is located on West 11th Street.
Mr. Frenzel recalls in a letter “…that first year we went all out with our colonial soldiers, fife and drum, horse and carriage, professional colonial musicians playing on 18th century instruments, and practically everyone on costume.” Each resident also decorated the exterior of their home with wreaths, garlands, and plaques made of the natural fruits, nuts, dried flowers, seed pods, berries, leaves, and evergreens used in many of Colonial Williamsburg’s decorations. Several created wreaths
with unique objects that related to the professions and interests of the occupants. In addition, the neighbors gathered for a
special Yule Log Ceremony. The fifty-three families on the block found the experience to be uplifting as they all joined together
to help each other with decorations and participate in the activities. All agreed to revive the event the following December,
giving birth to an annual tradition.
9
�THE GEORGE & DOLORES FRENZEL PHOTOGRAPH COLLECTION
(continued)
The door on a residence decorated in the Williamsburg style with a pine garland
accented with clove studded oranges in neighborhood along West 11th Street in
Brooklyn, NY.
10
�FRENZEL COLLECTION
(continued)
Door wreath decorated in the Williamsburg style with seed
pods, apples, limes, magnolia leaves, berries, and doves in
neighborhood along West 11th Street in Brooklyn, NY.
The Williamsburg Christmas block in Brooklyn eventually received attention from the media and both the Brooklyn
Spectator and the Virginia Gazette published articles about the neighborhood’s holiday spirit. On Christmas Eve 1996, the Virginia Gazette featured an account written by George Frenzel himself that recounted the ways in which the event had grown
beyond a celebration of the colonial history of the neighborhood to encompass “…being thankful for the heritage we have of
freedom and liberty, and of reaching out to neighbors in support.” He concluded “All felt they were in the spirit of our early
settlers by admiring the things of nature that God had given us and of only taking what was needed and leaving the rest for
future generations. And they felt that was the whole spirit of Williamsburg.”
After fifteen years of overseeing their neighborhood’s emulation of a Colonial Williamsburg Christmas, George and
Dolores Frenzel had an opportunity to meet with a member of Colonial Williamsburg’s landscape and floral design staff, Libbey
Oliver, who referenced Brooklyn’s Williamsburg Block in her publication Williamsburg Christmas. The couple developed a
friendship with Oliver and sent her regular updates on their block’s evolving decorations and customs through letters, news
clippings, and photo albums. Earlier this year, Oliver donated the photographs and associated documentation to the Rockefeller Library where they will be preserved as the George and Dolores Frenzel Photograph Collection. Together, the items in the
collection illustrate how Colonial Williamsburg’s holiday decorations and celebrations reach far beyond the Historic Area to
strengthen other communities and encourage exploration of colonial history and heritage.
The John D. Rockefeller, Jr. Library Newsletter is a publication of Colonial Williamsburg’s John D. Rockefeller, Jr. Library.
Vice President, Educational Strategy and Civic Engagement
Mia Nagawiecki
Executive Director, John D. Rockefeller Jr. Library
Carl Childs
Editor
Doug Mayo
Contributors
Carl Childs, Marianne Martin, Doug Mayo and Sarah
Nerney
Please visit Friends of John D. Rockefeller Jr. Library for information on how you can help support the Library.
11
�
Dublin Core
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Title
A name given to the resource
John D. Rockefeller Jr. Library Newsletter
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
John D. Rockefeller Jr Library newsletter. Volume 5, number 2, Fall 2022
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Colonial Williamsburg Foundation
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Colonial Williamsburg Foundation
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2022
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875e67343485747362eb7690a2b351d4
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Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Colonial Williamsburg Annual Reports
Description
An account of the resource
The Colonial Williamsburg <em>Annual Report</em> is issued annually to the public in printed (and now also digital on the website) form. Beginning publication in 1951 and continuing to the present day, the Annual Report was first titled <em>Report by the President</em>. The reports always contain a message from the President of Colonial Williamsburg summarizing the year’s achievements and challenges, descriptions of notable events and completed projects, and a financial statement. The reports sometimes also contain a message from the Chairman of the Board of Trustees and lists of donors to the Foundation. The earlier reports also contain lists of all the administrative officers in addition to the members of the Board of Trustees.
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Funding the Dream : A Report from the Chairman
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Colonial Williamsburg Foundation
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Colonial Williamsburg Foundation
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
[1980]
-
https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/45914/archive/files/b558e08316a87263452ee2c39b2cfd62.pdf?Expires=1712793600&Signature=QHpeTXlEa7DxUG5CYDOFuqKanuy-DB1PV%7EonRLjbHli7heMEDpbN6tKtgydGVhiprrHrnSeJ6i%7EJUtopc%7EJN3Ki%7EYbdfEd2k3LNN2CFmw0g1VxfcISxfj1InYUWlLOvOUZcH1yJ95Ws-dRPL4rXzP0SgOPMbvjv82UlNMA7U8F5yMML-muwjCIM9OgjW5ApU82IH-9hgoHt8QWXYZUrQc0QHf2AQ5G4a%7EfYk2THA9IuUyTjpgAnRYFGWFD7HCfSYF1g9xhxl0eZTwb1ERFMwogeDxHVhJHQmgX345DSM7hdXMGZe2Qh8cQr4arVU830hAby%7EOaBEqqaOFAo5SULONA__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM
bb80ccd4660ed95070d3c696c0fb1e2a
PDF Text
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Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Colonial Williamsburg Annual Reports
Description
An account of the resource
The Colonial Williamsburg <em>Annual Report</em> is issued annually to the public in printed (and now also digital on the website) form. Beginning publication in 1951 and continuing to the present day, the Annual Report was first titled <em>Report by the President</em>. The reports always contain a message from the President of Colonial Williamsburg summarizing the year’s achievements and challenges, descriptions of notable events and completed projects, and a financial statement. The reports sometimes also contain a message from the Chairman of the Board of Trustees and lists of donors to the Foundation. The earlier reports also contain lists of all the administrative officers in addition to the members of the Board of Trustees.
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Colonial Williamsburg Today : news and features from the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Colonial Williamsburg Foundation
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Colonial Williamsburg Foundation
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
[1979]
Description
An account of the resource
"Special Edition Report of the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation for 1978"
-
https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/45914/archive/files/38b0d86d3ccc72e7d34ecc80858d2a2a.pdf?Expires=1712793600&Signature=pC73%7EX1FmiJO%7EMlc12xCL6gO4PRCiTABl%7E5yWGbMXEqIhSwUpFYreApzKg9NXlPu-GQ3%7EtVeIYjrIqZqp%7EMHmR14eqnmeoeDeJl499Zfv3Lr8EaAbqWYRnA8EZFlLu6Hq5JGK8-9EyWM63KDwgKKMI7l%7EwObKAyTUHUWKbrVZMpbFnrDRENVhLavuZtE2bU5pzCfjwY9aL%7ExA9pmQi36O7LEup2XX16FgmLMb4UGAO2NDQmnz%7EkYwBaxc9Zgaivs2FUCEPi-H5hN6pa-L%7Ept5Dj7g2P5Wyxb3lQ2aHFZbzyYY0oZUNsSNIy0DqJYI1bums7RVzkxhLapWMircPNzDA__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM
57672cdf6b2919b2635d64eb574c5433
PDF Text
Text
SUMMER 2022
NEWSLETTER
VOL. 5, NO. 1
NEW VISUAL MATERIALS ACQUISITIONS
Reconstruction progress photo looking around the corner of the Williamsburg High School, prior to its
demolition, towards the front elevation of the Governor's Palace with a workman balanced on
scaffolding on the roof, October 1932. Eller Family Scrapbook Photos.
IN THIS ISSUE
New Visual Materials:
p. 1-4
Bobbsey Twins:
p. 5
Friends Help Fund Database Purchases :
p. 6-7
Friends of Bruton Parish Church:
p. 8
Snack Wagon:
p. 8
Library Volunteer Milestone:
p. 9-10
The Rockefeller Library is pleased to announce that several new
donations are currently being processed for addition to its visual
materials collections. They range from photographic prints and
slides to scrapbooks and postcards. The first is a black and white
photograph documenting a visit by President Warren G. Harding
to Williamsburg, Virginia on October 19, 1921 to deliver an address at the installation of Dr. Julian Chandler as President of the
College of William & Mary. Harding is shown walking with several
officials in a close-up view that complements the other photo of
his visit held by the library which depicts his motorcade from a
1
�NEW VISUAL MATERIALS ACQUISITIONS
(continued)
distance. The early years of Williamsburg’s restoration are captured in another
acquisition, the Eller Family Album Photographs. It consists of fourteen 4x6 inch
black and white photographs removed from a scrapbook depicting Williamsburg High School just prior to its demolition, the Governor’s Palace under reconstruction and after completion, the Governor’s Palace gardens, the Colonial
Parkway tunnel under construction, and the Capitol under reconstruction. PostWorld War II experiences of a 1949 guest to Colonial Williamsburg are chronicled in the Hoffman Family Travel Album, a scrapbook with a combination of
photos, postcards, and memorabilia. One of the unique features of the album is
that the compiler included segments of small sections of the Colonial Williamsburg visitor’s map on each page to correlate their location with the items displayed.
Another recent donation is a collection of 35mm slides taken by Gertrude Ball Daversa, who worked in various positions at Colonial Williamsburg
between 1947-1978, including as a hostess, secretary, and assistant restaurant
manager. Her parents, Frederick Hooker Ball and Merrill Proctor Ball, signed a
lifetime tenancy agreement with Colonial Williamsburg in 1938. In exchange for
selling their residence to Colonial Williamsburg to restore as the Peyton Randolph House, they received a guarantee that they and their family members
could continue to reside in a portion of the house. Gertrude grew up in the Peyton Randolph House and after her parents' deaths, she resided in the house
until she passed away on December 15, 2003.
Gertrude Ball Daversa’s slides provide early color photographic documentation of Colonial Williamsburg buildings, gardens, and costumed interpreters, as well as of many distinguished visitors who toured Colonial Williamsburg
in the 1950s and 1960s. While working as a costumed hostess, Gertrude regularly photographed the gardens, exhibition buildings, and interior furnishings
that she discussed with visitors during guided tours. Her slides offer a glimpse
into the expanding experiences for visitors in post-World War II Colonial Williamsburg including the furnishings and gardens of the Brush-Everard House,
A man raises his hat to President Warren G.
Harding as he walks past him during his
visit to Williamsburg on October 19, 1921
to give an address at the installation of Dr.
Julian Chandler as the President of the College of William & Mary.
opened in 1952, and new trade sites, such as the King’s Arms Barber Shop and Robertson’s Windmill. Gertrude also took portraits of her colleagues that range from hostesses posing with tree and plant specimens to tradesmen in their shops and African
Americans who worked as building custodians under the Curator’s Department.
A final collection that has augmented visual materials holdings is the Daniel Reiff Photograph Collection. It is comprised
of 372 5x7 inch black and white photos of Georgian houses in Virginia and England used to illustrate Daniel Reiff’s book, Small
Georgian Houses in England and Virginia and thirty-five accompanying research files on Georgian houses in Virginia and England
used to illustrate Daniel Reiff’s book, Small Georgian Houses in England and Virginia and thirty-five accompanying research files
organized alphabetically by structure. The photos encompass not only the buildings that make up Colonial Williamsburg’s Historic Area but also hundreds of structures in the Mid-
2
�NEW VISUAL MATERIALS ACQUISITIONS
(continued)
Atlantic region and in England studied by our architectural historians as precedents for restoring the buildings at Colonial Williamsburg. This collection is an excellent addition to our visual documentation on the architectural features that constitute domestic Georgian architecture. Staff members preparing lectures and articles about Williamsburg’s restoration will find the research photos and files to be important references for understanding Williamsburg’s eighteenth-century residences within the
broader context of the development of the Georgian style.
Page 13, postcards of the Shoemaker’s Shop and the Golden Ball Silversmith Shop as they appeared in the late 1940s, Hoffman
Travel Scrapbook
3
�NEW VISUAL MATERIALS ACQUISITIONS
(continued)
Barbara Tharp posing by a Siberian crab apple tree in the Thomas Everard
House garden, 1950s. Gertrude Ball Daversa Slide Collection.
Examples of three black and white photos of Georgian houses featuring
hipped roofs, including the George Wythe House, the Ludwell-Paradise
House, and Wilton, used to illustrate the chapter "Brick Hipped-Roof Houses
in Virginia through the 1750s" in Small Georgian Houses in England and
Virginia by Daniel Reiff, University of Delaware Press, 1986. Daniel Reiff Photograph Collection.
4
�BOBBSEY TWINS
Who is ready to solve a mystery? In 2021, a donor gave the Corporate Archives a copy of The Bobbsey Twins: The Red, White and
Blue Mystery, by Laura Lee Hope (New York: Grosset & Dunlap, 1971). Join Nan and Bert and Flossie and Freddie on their 64th
adventure that begins with the family’s trip to Colonial Williamsburg to participate in a Fourth of July pageant. As they investigate the triple mysteries of a thief in the Historic Area, a mysterious howling on a farm outside of town, and the legend of a lost
flag of the American Revolution, the two sets of twins tour the town, making stops at the Crafts (now called Historic Trades)
shops, Capitol, Magazine, Palace Green, Information Center, Motor House Cafeteria, King’s Arms Tavern, Williamsburg Inn,
Chowning’s Tavern, Governor’s Palace, Public Gaol, Craft House, Brush Everard House, and the Raleigh Tavern. They take an ox
cart ride, eat peanut soup and gingerbread men, get lost in the Palace maze, are (accidentally?) locked in the icehouse, buy a
souvenir horseshoe at the blacksmith, watch a militia drill, go on a carriage ride, and join a nighttime Lanthorn Tour. They also
manage side trips to Jamestown Festival Park, the glasshouse, and Yorktown after a ride on the Colonial Parkway. Along the way,
they solve all the mysteries AND have time to participate in the parade! This book perfectly demonstrates the earned advertising
that helped Colonial Williamsburg insert itself into so many aspects of American life that for decades it was ubiquitous in the culture. Many thanks to our donor (who prefers to remain anonymous).
5
�FRIENDS HELP FUND DATABASE PURCHASES
[Part of] A map of the southern Indian district of North America, 1775, © The Newberry
Library.
Rockefeller Library is thrilled to announce the addition of two new databases to the collection of electronic resources available
to Foundation staff and visiting researchers. Our generous Friends of John D. Rockefeller Jr. Library provided funding to help support these purchases and we give them a resounding “Huzzah!” Both these resources will expand our understanding of the
eighteenth-century world.
American Indian Histories and Cultures
Curated by Adam Matthew Digital, the primary source material included in this resource is drawn from the Newberry Library’s
extensive Edward E. Ayer Collection. One of the strongest archival collections on American Indian history in the world, the Ayer
Collection contains 130,000 volumes, over one million manuscript pages, 2,000 maps, 500 atlases, 11,000 photographs, and
3,500 drawings and paintings. Together these items present a unique insight into interactions between American Indians and
Europeans from their earliest contact, continuing through the turbulence of the American Civil War, the on-going repercussions
of government legislation, right up to the civil rights movement of the mid- to late-twentieth century.
As the library’s first electronic collection focusing on American Indians, this resource will widen the scope of our research. It will support the vital work of the Foundation’s new Assistant Research Historian examining the presence and experience of American Indians in Williamsburg and Virginia in the eighteenth century and the interpreters in our American Indian Initiative, including a new Nation Builder portraying Cherokee leader Oconostota. More broadly, it will increase knowledge of
American Indian history throughout the Foundation, enhancing our ability to tell the complete story of the people who filled the
streets, buildings, homes, and businesses of eighteenth-century Williamsburg.
6
�FRIENDS HELP FUND DATABASE PURCHASES
(continued)
The Lady's Magazine; or entertaining companion for the fair sex, appropriated solely
to their use and amusement, Volume 1, August 1770, © Birmingham Central Library.
Eighteenth Century Journals, Module V
This exciting new resource complements eighteenth-century journal content already offered by Rockefeller Library. It includes
the full run of The Lady’s Magazine: or Entertaining Companion for the Fair Sex, a periodical which ran for sixty-two years from
1770 to 1832, before merging with its rival The Ladies Museum in 1832. The Lady’s Magazine was issued monthly and is significant both for its longevity and for the platform it provided for women, as both contributors and consumers, to engage in the
literary discourse of the eighteenth century. Covering a wide range of topics and genres, from fashions to poetry to medicinal
receipts and domestic and foreign news, the textual content was often complemented with elegant engravings, music sheets,
embroidery patterns, and later, color fashion plates. Over the course of its sixty-two year run, readers of the magazine today can
trace shifts in public opinion, taste, culture and political climate, making The Lady’s Magazine an enlightening source for the
study of eighteenth- and early nineteenth-century social and cultural history.
This resource will be of interest throughout the Foundation for its insight into women’s lives and perspectives, but it will be especially useful for those who research – and create – period clothing and accessories, and for research into manners, dance, and
domestic life.
Please visit Friends of John D. Rockefeller Jr. Library for information on how you can support the Library’s educational mission.
7
�FRIENDS OF BRUTON PARISH CHURCH
On Saturday, September 17th, the library welcomed 86 members of the Friends of Bruton Parish for their 9th annual Friends Day
event. Carl Childs kicked off the morning session with an overview of the Rockefeller Library’s history and current services. Childs
highlighted the important work being done by the library’s own Friends of John D. Rockefeller, Jr. Library group that helps the
library acquire new and relevant resources, digitize collections, and protect collections through an active conservation and
preservation program.
Attendees were then treated to behind-the-scenes tours of Corporate Archives, Media Collections, Special Collections,
and Visual Resources. Library staff Donna Cooke, Tracey Gulden, Marianne Martin, and Doug Mayo highlighted treasures from
the respective collections they curate, including home movies showing Bruton Parish Church and Black coachmen navigating the
Historic Area in the 1950s, a selection of sermons delivered by Dr. W.A. R . Goodwin while vicar at Bruton Parish Church, letters
from the King of Spain dated July 29, 1608 and June 11, 1609 requesting information concerning the actions of English settlers in
Jamestown, and scrapbooks and photos documenting the Church’s history. Attendees learned how the work of library staff informs the interpretive programming seen in the Historic Area and exhibitions in the Art Museums.
Following the library tours, the Friends of Bruton Parish dined at the Inn’s Regency Room and were treated to Nicole
Brown’s interpretation of Bray School teacher Ann Wager and a presentation by Matt Webster on Colonial Williamsburg’s ongoing research and future restoration plans for the Bray School building.
Please visit Friends of John D. Rockefeller Jr. Library for information on how you can support the Library.
SNACK WAGON
Melissa Schutt and Donna Cooke
getting prepared for their snack
wagon run.
During the pandemic, apprentice carpenter Mary Lawrence Herbert came up
with the idea to deliver water and snacks to employees working outside in the
Historic Area during the hot summer months. The “snack wagon” was so popular that its operation has continued and this past summer library staff were
invited to participate. Employees operating the snack wagon went to the
Coach & Livestock Stables to retrieve a golf cart and fill a large cooler with ice
water. After a brief driving lesson, the adventurers were off to the Waters
Storehouse in the Historic Area to pick up crates of snacks. The snack wagon
then proceeded to designated stops throughout the Historic Area to deliver
much-appreciated water and snacks to front-line employees. This was a wonderful opportunity for us to talk to our colleagues and to see what it is like for
them working outside in the heat. It was also a chance for us to thank them for
their hard work and efforts to support Colonial Williamsburg’s mission, “That
the future may learn from the past.” We so admire and appreciate all our
front-line colleagues and the work they do to provide memorable experiences
for our guests! (Fun fact: one of the most popular snacks were “sucker punch”
pickle slices!)
8
�LIBRARY VOLUNTEER CELEBRATES MILESTONE
Laura Arnold, our library’s longest serving volunteer.
Rockefeller Library relies on its cadre of loyal volunteers – we truly could not do our work without them! In this newsletter, we
want to give a special “shout out” to Laura Arnold, who celebrates 35 years as a library volunteer this year. During her time with
us, Laura has completed many valuable projects, including the compilation of a complete index to the Colonial Williamsburg Interpreter, an internal publication that ran from 1980 – 2009 and continues to be an important resource for both CWF staff and
outside researchers. (You can find all the issues, along with Laura’s index, on the library’s Omeka site. She also worked on indexing the popular British magazine Country Life, assisted with library inventories, and participated in a project to re-barcode the
entire library collection in 2003. Her current project, begun during the pandemic, involves clipping Foundation-related articles
from the Virginia Gazette for Corporate Archives’ files: she’s able to complete this work from home, making monthly trips to the
library to deliver clippings and pick up newspapers.
9
�LIBRARY VOLUNTEER CELEBRATES MILESTONE
(continued)
Laura’s achievement was recognized at the Volunteer Reception held at the Williamsburg Lodge on September 28th. We so appreciate her diligence, conscientiousness, and devotion to the library!
We also celebrate additional library volunteers who reached milestone anniversaries in 2022, including:
20-year recipient
Mary Rose Schlatter
15-year recipients
Stuart Butler
Joan Ruszkowski
5-year recipients
Dennis Branden
Joan Childs
Shelby Hawthorne
Nancy Marley
Pam Reiss
We are grateful to all the volunteers that help us meet our mission.
The John D. Rockefeller, Jr. Library Newsletter is a publication of Colonial Williamsburg’s John D. Rockefeller, Jr. Library.
Vice President, Educational Strategy and Civic Engagement
Mia Nagawiecki
Executive Director, John D. Rockefeller Jr. Library
Carl Childs
Editor
Doug Mayo
Contributors
Carl Childs, Donna Cooke, Marianne Martin, Sarah Nerney
and Melissa Schutt
Please visit Friends of John D. Rockefeller Jr. Library for information on how you can help support the Library.
To contact the library directly, please call 757-220-7249; 757-565-8510 or email us at rocklibrary@cwf.org.
10
�
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John D. Rockefeller Jr. Library Newsletter
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Title
A name given to the resource
John D. Rockefeller Jr Library newsletter. Volume 5, number 1, Summer 2022
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Colonial Williamsburg Foundation
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Colonial Williamsburg Foundation
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2022
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058261cc51c9a6b79ac36f51b0025be7
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Text
SPRING 2022
NEWSLETTER
VOL. 4, NO. 4
DONALD MACDONALD-MILLAR COLLECTIONS AID BRAY SCHOOL RESEARCH
Front elevation of the Digges House, originally located on Block 23. Building 18 and moved to Block
24, Building 32, Williamsburg, Virginia.
IN THIS ISSUE
Millar Collection:
p. 1-4
Ferrari Family Gift:
p. 5-7
Meet Brendan Sostak :
p. 7-11
Albert Durant Volunteer Portrait
and Project Update
p. 12
Photographs, architectural drawings, and field notes housed in
the Rockefeller Library’s Special Collections Department are
providing valuable visual clues that will aid the Architectural
Preservation and Research staff’s restoration of the Bray School
structure to its eighteenth-century appearance. They form part of
a group of archival materials created by Donald MacDonald-Millar
during the early twentieth century. A pioneer in the fledgling field
of architectural history in America, Donald MacDonald-Millar con-
1
�MILLAR COLLECTION
(continued)
tributed his expertise to some of the earliest research and planning for Williamsburg’s restoration
in the late 1920s. He received his training in his
hometown of Nashville, Tennessee, where he
worked for a firm of architects. As one of the
founding members of the Society for the Preservation of New England Antiquities, he became interested in recording the measurements and architectural details of colonial structures and published
two books, Measured Drawings of Some Colonial
and Georgian Homes (1916) and Measured Drawings of Some Colonial Furniture (1925), as well as
articles in the Architectural Record and the Pennsylvania Museum Bulletin.
Gable end elevation of the Digges House, originally located on Block 23.
Building 18 and moved to Block 24, Building 32, Williamsburg, Virginia.
A visit to Williamsburg in 1919 as part of
this phase of his career led to the compilation of a
small sketchbook with field drawings and notations
about several historic structures in Williamsburg
that he examined. Sketches include architectural
details of the Mary Cary House, Ludwell-Paradise
House, Powell-Hallam House, Dudley Digges House
(today identified as the Bray School) and the Robert
Carter House. MacDonald-Millar also took a series
of black and white photographs that complement
the sketches and provide additional visual evidence
of exterior architectural features which are part of
the Donald MacDonald-Millar Photograph Collection. Both the sketchbook and the photographs are
significant as a record of the condition of the buildings in the second decade of the twentieth century,
nine years before John D. Rockefeller Jr. agreed to
fund the commencement of in-depth
restoration work on some of Williamsburg's colonial structures. They also illustrate the growing interest in Williamsburg's architectural history among early pioneers in the field of historic preservation.
Two pages within the sketchbook document various elevations, the floor plan, and a gable end with chimney of the Bray
School, while associated photographs offer more detailed evidence of the clapboard siding, dormer windows, cornice, and chimney brickwork. Together, they are important because they show the structure prior to 1924, when the Methodist Women’s Association built a large addition to create a dormitory for Methodist women attending the College of William & Mary. According to
2
�MILLAR COLLECTION
(continued)
Page two, Elevations and Floor Plans for the Dudley Digges House, today known
as the Bray School, Williamsburg, Virginia by Donald MacDonald-Millar.
Architectural Historian Jennifer Wilkoski, “At that time the house was largely unchanged from its eighteenth-century form except for the addition of a nineteenth century wing off the back. In concert with other photos taken around the same time period, we are able to verify features such as closets, dormer windows, and a cellar. All of these architectural features are now
gone due to the twentieth century renovations and the building’s move in 1930. Using the photos and sketches, we’ll be able to
put back these lost elements when the building is restored.”
Donald MacDonald-Millar also contributed to other aspects of Williamsburg’s restoration. A call to the ministry led
Millar to the Theological Seminary in New York City and he became an Episcopal clergyman. His acquaintance with Dr. W.A.R.
Goodwin, another Episcopal minister with a keen interest in historic architecture, and William Graves Perry, a partner in the
firm Perry, Shaw, and Hepburn, brought him to the attention of Colonel Arthur Woods, who sent him an invitation on May 28,
1928, to “…do research work in England and France for the Williamsburg project.” MacDonald- Millar received a six month
leave of absence from his position as assistant to Rev. Frederick Burgess of St. Matthew’s and St. Timothy’s churches in New
York City to undertake the assignment. With the help of several assistants, he traveled through the two countries to gather
information about the types of building materials that would have been available to colonial Virginians and to record
3
�MILLAR COLLECTION
(continued)
architectural precedents to assist in the reconstruction of Williamsburg buildings. His investigations
contributed to the discovery of the Bodleian copperplate whose engraved illustrations of the Governor’s
Palace, Capitol, Wren Building, President’s House,
and Brafferton Building provided critical visual evidence for their accurate restoration.
Both the Donald MacDonald-Millar Photograph Collection, AV2009.30, and the Donald MacDonald-Millar Sketchbook, MS1989.5, are available
for viewing online via these links:
https://rocklib.omeka.net/collections/show/54
https://rocklib.omeka.net/collections/show/40
Thank you to our new Media Collections Photographer, Brendan Sostak, for digitizing the Donald MacDonald-Millar Sketchbook!
Front elevation of the Digges House, originally located on
Block 23. Building 18 and moved to Block 24, Building 32,
Williamsburg, Virginia, by Donald MacDonald- Millar.
Page three, top: Rear Steps, Wythe House; bottom: Side Elevation with Chimney, Dudley
Digges House, today known as the Bray School, Williamsburg, Virginia, by Donald MacDonald-Millar, 1919.
4
�FERRARI FAMILY GIFT
The Ferrari family donates records and objects belonging to Ferrante Ferrari, ornamental blacksmith
for Colonial Williamsburg circa 1930s. L-R: Erik Goldstein, Dani Jaworksi, Matt Webster, Neil G. Ferrari, Ken Schwarz, Ann Ferrari Partlow, Donna Cooke, J. Michael Tuccori, and Carl Childs.
On May 25th, Colonial Williamsburg received an important donation from the descendants of Ferrante "Fred" Ferrari and Ugo
Tuccori, two of the ornamental blacksmiths who played a key role in the restoration of Williamsburg in the 1930s. The collection
consists of records and photos compiled by the Ferrari business venture in addition to metalwork objects, design models, and
tools. The objects will be cared for by the Foundation’s Museums, Preservation, and Historic Resources (MPHR) division, including items used to design and make the Governor's Palace balcony and weathervane, and ironwork in the Peninsula Bank (now
DoG Street Pub). The collection items received by the Rockefeller Library includes such items as a signed letter from Dr. W.A.R.
Goodwin discussing a handle Ferrari was making for the Restoration, newspaper clippings, design blueprints and drawings highlighting items he made for Williamsburg, and some photographs.
Ferrari, a native of Pistoia, Italy, near Florence, had such a reputation for metal artistry that word of his craftsmanship
had reached Dr. Goodwin in Williamsburg while planning the Restoration. Ferrari received a personal visit from Mr. Rockefeller
at his home in Hampton where he was commissioned to do blacksmith work for various buildings. He also did work for Bruton
5
�FERRARI FAMILY GIFT
(continued)
Sketch of center for Governor’s Palace balcony. Drawn on
reverse of stationery for F. Ferrari Metal Crafts.
Governor's Palace balcony, in progress. Crafted by Ferrante "Fred" Ferrari, an early contractor hired during
the Restoration of Colonial Williamsburg.
Parish Church and the National Shrine of Our Lady of Walsingham (formerly St. Bede) in Williamsburg in addition to his
many works across Hampton Roads.
The Ferrante Ferrari-Ugo Tuccori Collection (Accession 2022-028) is currently closed for archival processing but
will be available to researchers when that work is complete. The Colonial Williamsburg Foundation is immensely grateful
to the Ferrari, Partlow, and Tuccori families for this incredibly generous donation.
6
�FERRANTE FAMILY GIFT
(continued)
Governor's Palace balcony, completed. People are Ferrante "Fred" Ferrari, Ugo Tuccori,
Fred Ferrari and Daniel Franceshi. Ferrante "Fred" Ferrari was an early contractor hired
during the Restoration of Colonial Williamsburg.
MEET BRENDAN SOSTAK
The Media Collections team at the Rockefeller Library is pleased to welcome a new member, photographer Brendan Sostak.
Brendan joined the Foundation in April and is already hard at work visually documenting the Historic Area and its events for
the Library, as well as aiding in our ongoing efforts to digitize archival materials. In just the last few months, he’s already produced around 1,000 images! His photography will provide a lasting record of Colonial Williamsburg, as well as being used
across the Foundation to support programming, publicity, and research. Brendan comes to the Foundation from Evergreen
Enterprises, where he worked as a product photographer.
Recent projects he’s completed include shooting the fife and drum corps in action at Drummers Call, documenting the
work of the Bob and Marion Wilson Teacher Institute, capturing the celebrations for Juneteenth, photographing Historic Area
programs such as “Faith, Hope, and Love” on the Charlton Stage, and digitizing archival negatives from the historic Frank Dementi collection (showing Williamsburg in the early years of the Restoration). This photography is available to employees and
volunteers through an in-house database, The Source. You may also see his work as it begins to appear on our social media and
starts to be used throughout the Foundation in publications and online.
7
�MEET BRENDAN SOSTAK
(continued)
Brendan Sostak, Colonial Williamsburg photographer.
Asked about his experiences here at Colonial Williamsburg, Brendan expressed his appreciation for how very welcoming
and accommodating everyone has been. He is currently most excited at the prospect of pursuing more photography of the
Trades in action. He recently shot Master Blacksmith Ken Schwarz creating a chisel (search The Source for D2022-BES-0616 and
D2022-BES-0617 to see the photos) and is eager to capture the work in other shops.
Brendan has a strong interest in science, with a BS in Biology and a MS in Environmental Studies from Virginia Commonwealth University. However, his interest in and talent for photography comes naturally: when he was growing up, his grandmother had a passion for the art and was never without her camera. Like Brendan, she loved taking photographs - but not being
in them. So when Brendan first had the opportunity to pursue photography professionally, he jumped at the chance. Brendan
also enjoys gardening, baking, and playing with his dogs, Zelda, and Hattie.
Welcome, Brendan!
8
�MEET BRENDAN SOSTAK
(continued)
Colonial Williamsburg Fife and Drum Corps.
Image by Brendan Sostak
9
�MEET BRENDAN SOSTAK
(continued)
Ken Schwartz, Colonial Williamsburg’s master blacksmith.
Photograph by Brendan Sostak.
10
�MEET BRENDAN SOSTAK
(continued)
A chisel being produced in the Blacksmith Shop.
Image by Brendan Sostak
11
�DURANT VOLUNTEERS GROUP PORTRAIT
Since the Albert Durant Photography Collection’s acquisition in 1992, many community members have donated their time and
recollections to help the library assemble accurate captions for Durant’s photographs. The effort is ongoing today and the library is fortunate that a group of Bruton Heights School alumni have attended a series of sessions held in a Bruton Height
School classroom to examine additional photographs and use their collective reminiscences to assemble more identifications.
This dedicated group recently posed for a portrait taken by Volunteer Photographer Jerry McCoy. Pictured are, front row, left to
right, Lafayette James, Edith Heard, June Ross, and Jackie Gardner; back row, left to right: James Lee, George Wallace, Connie
Harshaw, Vernon Ross, and Dennis Gardner. We invite anyone interested in helping to contact us at rocklibrary@cwf.org.
The John D. Rockefeller Jr. Library Newsletter is a publication of Colonial Williamsburg’s John D. Rockefeller Jr. Library.
Vice President, Education, Research, and Historic Interpretation
Beth Kelly
Executive Director, John D. Rockefeller Jr. Library
Carl Childs
Editor
Doug Mayo
Contributors
Carl Childs, Marianne Martin, and Jenna Simpson
Please visit Friends of John D. Rockefeller Jr. Library for information on how you can support the Library.
To contact the library directly, please call 757-220-7249; 757-565-8510 or email us at rocklibrary@cwf.org.
12
�
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
John D. Rockefeller Jr. Library Newsletter
Dublin Core
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Title
A name given to the resource
John D. Rockefeller Jr Library newsletter. Volume 4, number 4, Spring 2022
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Colonial Williamsburg Foundation
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Colonial Williamsburg Foundation
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2022
-
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7c2461ba00e18010ce679ad729ec1758
PDF Text
Text
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EEK IN 76-,./!!
Alexander Purdie, Virginia Gazette,
11
January
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1976
DECEMBER
December
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PA.,MP1-II.ET FILE
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1976
7,
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December 20, 1776
On this day the Virginia Gazette reported the destruction by fire of Chericoke, the home of
Carter Braxton in King William County:
The elegant house of Carter Braxton esq. one of the delegates for King William, was unfortunately
buret down last Wednesday evening, with a great part of the valuable furniture.
Besides
the "
valuable
furniture."
Benjamin
Harrison
mourned
the loss of the " fine Liquors"
in
Braxtan' s famous wine cellar that had fed the flames.
TEN
POUNDS
REWARD
Will be given to any person
who will deliver
me a dark
bay horse about 14 hands 2 inch , high,
formerly the property of mr. Richard Charlton of this city, at present belonging to Capt. Ih• nue), of
the artillery. His mark is somewhat remarkable, having an S on one of his buttocks( hut which I do
not remember) that appears very conspicuous when curried, but hardly perceivable without.
Whoever has the said horse will please return him immediately to me in York town, or to mr.
Russell at capt. Anderson' s tavern. Ten Ixwnds will be given for the thief, fully convicted.
William Pierce, jun.
William
studied
Pierce,
Jr.,
PAINTING
returned
under
to the colonial capital in 1775 from Annapolis
the celebrated
Mr.
Peale."
where he had
In November of that year the Virginia
Gazette reported:
Mr. William Pierce, junior, of this city, who was in the late engagement at Hampton( and whose
genius is greatly admired for many valuable productions in the celebrated art of painting) we are
informed,
is now executing a plan of the same in a most elegant and circumstantial
manner.
There are no known extant paintings by Pierce. By 1777 he was promoted to captain in the
artillery forces and after 1780 he dropped from sight.
On December 20 the Virginia Gazette reported:
Last Tuesday George Webb, esq., was chosen by the legislature to be treasurer of this common-
wealth, in the room of Robert C. Nicholas, esq., who has resigned that important trust( which he
filled with much honour to himself, and applause from his country) rather than forego his best
services, as a delegate in Assembly, at this critical conjuncture.
Robert Carter Nicholas, son of Dr. George Nicholas and Elizabeth Carter Burwell Nicholas, was
born in or near Williamsburg in 1728. He attended William and Mary and later studied law. When
the offices of Speaker of the House of Burgesses and Treasurer of the Colony were separated in
1766 after the death of John Robinson, Nicholas was appointed treasurer. While he held the
position he played an important role in the events that led to the Revolution. He was cool, conser-
vative, and a patriot, and his temperment helped keep the fervor of local patriots in check. In 1778
he was appointed to the council of the state. Two years later Nicholas died at his estate in
Hanover
County.
1776
�December 25--: 31,
1976
December 27, 1776
On this day
21. the Virginia Gazette published a resolution passed by the General Assembly on
December
Whereas it hath been recommended to the good people of this colony to enter into associations for
the support of the wives and children of the poor who shall enter into the several battalions now
raising
within this
and whereas
he
subscribed
for commonwealth,
the purposes aforesaid:
it is not certain that sufficient sums will immediately
Resolved, that the courts of the several counties be required, and they are hereby empowered, to
furnish the wives and children of such poor soldiers, who cannot be maintained by such associations,
with necessary provisions, and to draw on the treasurer for such sums of money as shall be requisite,
who is hereby required to pay the same.
The families of soldiers certainly suffered during the war, and many of them petitioned the
legislature for assistance. Elizabeth Foster, for instance, petitioned the House of Delegates on
November 7, 1776, for financial assistance because her husband was killed by a cannon ball at the
Battle of Gwynn Island and left her" with a child about nine months old, without a house, or any
support."
resolved
Two weeks
later, after an investigation by the Committee of Public Claims, the House
Mrs.
to
allow
Foster 220"
for her present support."
Mrs. Foster' s case was one of many
that were to be considered by the House from 1776 until well into the nineteenth century.
ON TIME
0! mark how swift these precious moments fly!
Like man, no sooner are they born than die,
Then snatch this prize! 0! clasp this nobel store!
Remember, time once lost is time no more.
And since time' s wheel so rapidly doth run,
Reflect how soon the thread of life is spun.
How soon death comes! the common lot to man,
Ere nature' s measured out her given span.
0! think, on this depends ( therefore no longer wait)
Thy future happiness, thy everlasting fate.
Then use the present as if' twas thy last,
And then with pleasure thou shalt view the past.
Virginia Gazette( Dixon &
Hunter), January 3, 1777.
Compiled
by
Harold B. Gill, Jr.
�
Dublin Core
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Title
A name given to the resource
These Boisterous Times
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Colonial Williamsburg Foundation
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Colonial Williamsburg Foundation
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1976
Description
An account of the resource
“<em>These Boisterous Times…</em>” The Week in ’76 was a newsletter produced by the Colonial Williamsburg Department of Preservation and Research in 1976. Compiled by historian Harold Gill, the newsletter consisted of notable entries from the Virginia Gazette newspaper dated 1776 along with some additional historical background of the mentioned event or person. The newsletter was intended to assist Colonial Williamsburg’s interpreters with adding additional emphasis to events associated with 1776 during the celebration of the American Revolution Bicentennial (United States Bicentennial) in 1976.
Dublin Core
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Title
A name given to the resource
These Boisterous Times December 19-31
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Colonial Williamsburg Foundation
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Colonial Williamsburg Foundation
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1976-12-31
-
https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/45914/archive/files/247d7624a30ced2307ebc412f485a45c.pdf?Expires=1712793600&Signature=wOhD9vjRGsjgNHVMvsqf3qs0ojRnmKOnYoB%7ELRbO6Kd8MYerldzGoy5v39q0kPKYwl9z0zlbC0qP8gM5R9Rw3x8LoCTcwH0bnRpS%7E9u9qB4bOlqace0eD-USx9RwWuqvqJuwB%7ETTCZHpVxPD6DoSfuJHEYF9DD1dcu3nXqJrpCojJQkXHAet8gOQz93Pql7BVq5qLCfam0tpaAInOaluo80ecLdqXJrUMhDm6oFDn%7E5pWuB9oi9yaanE7oAxomfVlEhrVqD0UfBdqoDUC3cu3N9yFaYEGqEIjBTrWdAarYAAz0skBz3XsUH0eesUz3TrFhqwXrGNcXZOkdyaVCQi2w__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM
abfcb34136fb8e645fb272d8d9ec3275
PDF Text
Text
y
M
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Atm,7
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Q
.
Q
These Boisterous Times.. .
pill
lila
may-
I
D,
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Alexander
Purdie,
January
n
DECEMBER
December
1-
4,
1976
.
1976
0
c w
t
i,,,,
s
PAMPHLET
Virginia
1,
1776
a
1III/
COPY
5--
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December
wit..0•,`
1776
4,
J11Z---"
On this day Nicholas Cresswell, an Englishman touring Virginia, recorded in his journal while in
Leesburg:
A
Dutch
mob of about 40 horsemen
went
through
the town to-
day
on
their way
to Alexandria
to
search for Salt. If they find any they will take it by force. All of them armed with swords or large
clubs. This article is exceeding scarce, if none comes in the people will revolt. They cannot possibly
subsist without a considerable quantity of this article. The people in general live on Salt meat in the
Summer. The excessive heat renders the keeping of fresh meat very difficult, even for a day, and the
thinness of inhabitants and markets prevents them killing little else but young hogs and fowls. They
likewise give Salt to their Horses, Cattle, Hogs and Sheep almost every day in the Summer. The
cattle are exceedingly fond of it, so much that they will follow you anywhere for a lick of it and it is so
essentially necessary that they will not thrive without it.
Cresswell certainly did not overstate the need for salt. The authorities in Virginia realized that an
emergency would exist if normal sources of salt were cut off, and by the summer of 1776 they had
established at least seven public salt works in the state and offered bounties to private producers of
salt.
In an effort to discourage prople from hoarding salt, the General Assembly resolved on
December
19,
1776:
Resolved, that if any persons within this commonwealth shall purchase salt imported, or to be
imported, into the same, than he bath occasion for the use of his family for one year, and shall refuse
to sell the surplus, or demand a greater price than will be sufficient to reimburse him the first cost,
on the purchase from the importer, and charges, and 15 per centum loss of measure, every person so
offending shall be held and deemed an enemy to this state.
December
December
5,
5- 11,
1976
1776
On December 5 the House of Delegates adopted an act to exempt dissenters from contributing to
the support of the established church in Virginia. The bill resulted from a compromise after
Jefferson proposed to disestablish the church completely. Another ten years passed before the
General Assembly finally accepted Jefferson' s famous Bill for Religious Freedom.
December 5, 1776, also saw the founding at the College of William and Mary of the first
Greek- letter fraternity in the United States, the Phi Beta Kappa Society. The opening paragraph of
the Society' s minutes relates:
On Thursday, the 4th of December, in the year of our Lord God one thousand seven hundred and
seventy- six and the first of the Commonwealth, a happy spirit and resolution of attaining the
important ends of Society entering the minds of John Heath, Thomas Smith, Richard Booker,
Armstd Smith, and John Jones, and afterwards seconded by others, prevailed, and was accordingly
ratified.
Gazette,
BB
�The Society held its monthly meetings at the Raleigh Tavern, and John Heath of Northumberland County was elected its first president. In 1779 the William and Mary Chapter chartered a
second chapter at Harvard University.
December
6,
1776
The Virginia Gazette reported on December 6: Last Saturday Edmund Randolph esq. was
chosen mayor of this city, Joseph Prentis, esq. one of the court of aldermen,
Charlton
a common
and mr. Edward
councilman.
The city government of Willi' msburg, outlined in the Charter of 1722, consisted of a mayor,
recorder, six aldermen, and twei, a common councilmen. The charter named the mayor, recorder,
and aldermen who chose the common council from " the most sufficient of the Inhabitants of the
said City." To perpetuate the succession, the mayor, recorder, aldermen, and common council met
on the Feast Day of Saint Andrew and elected the mayor from among the aldermen. Vacancies
among the aldermen were filled by election from the common council. The mayor, recorder, and
aldermen
filled vacancies
the
common
on
council by election
from the " Inhabitants and
Freeholders
of the said City,"
in order to maintain the number of common councilmen at twelve.
The charter provided that the mayor, recorder, and aldermen " be Justices of the Peace within
the said City, the Precincts and Liberties thereof, and Directors of the Buildings and Streets" and
with the common council " make, order, and appoint such By Laws, Rules and Ordinances for the
Regulation and good Government of the Trade and other Matters, Exigencies and Things within
the said City."
December 12- 18, 1976
December
14,
1776
The House of Delegates enacted a bill to establish a Court of Admiralty, a pressing need because
of the frequent capture of enemy ships as war prizes. This bill was one of several proposed by
Jefferson to reconstitute the judiciary. The other proposals were put aside until the 1778 session of
the General Assembly.
December
18, 1776
The House of Delegates instructed the governor and Council to order natives of Great Britain
who were partners or agents of British merchants to depart the state as soon after January 1777 as
possible, except for those who " heretofore uniformly manifested a friendly disposition to the
American
cause,
or
are
attached
to
this
country
by having
wives
or
children
here."
Numbers
of
Scottish and English merchants left the state the following year.
Compiled by Harold B. Gill, Jr.
i
1:
vitsiThe Colonial
Williamsburg
Foundation
�
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
These Boisterous Times
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Colonial Williamsburg Foundation
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Colonial Williamsburg Foundation
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1976
Description
An account of the resource
“<em>These Boisterous Times…</em>” The Week in ’76 was a newsletter produced by the Colonial Williamsburg Department of Preservation and Research in 1976. Compiled by historian Harold Gill, the newsletter consisted of notable entries from the Virginia Gazette newspaper dated 1776 along with some additional historical background of the mentioned event or person. The newsletter was intended to assist Colonial Williamsburg’s interpreters with adding additional emphasis to events associated with 1776 during the celebration of the American Revolution Bicentennial (United States Bicentennial) in 1976.
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
These Boisterous Times December 1-8, 1976
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Colonial Williamsburg Foundation
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Colonial Williamsburg Foundation
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1976-12-08
-
https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/45914/archive/files/e14214418e41e0e6dee1f24e674339c9.pdf?Expires=1712793600&Signature=DQouKHzc9gZyRwFrtMxjcI5wXbvy9mL7L-zz%7ENcLyrKDhMwPyZNriVYgk4EulLqc37mEfXiZXeGFw8J06G0SpXz8ASFG2p4dMaApUArS5vhk7oQbXV0VRKoOtBCPxyyHvXpr4f0q-4Z6%7E33%7EVepnkp5hOpSg4YzpoDdGy5Fwsw2F4zzUwns0rkz2a2PHGUl6%7ENUZG9QR9VEi6GNmwGkdvXpNbDsYkXccSGwNBn7hvCd%7EKGiQ3WBIHE4umQWNsvDHa%7Es8DzkBrw8oxdpieCLAOj8sEoNYCPFT26PRXnT8g5bpTlH5Nssc%7EFAriERyxD5TNrM0kSl5WuiTfvIUZtajUg__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM
cf0e42a751f3757f0678fc47f0a5e1dc
PDF Text
Text
1111
These Boisterous 7 imes.. .
1
tam'
pogo
Alexander
Purdie,
Virginia
Gazette,
January 1, 1776
PFtCH/ IrF
NOVEMBER 1976
RECORD .
COPY /
n
November
o
14- 20, 1976
z
0
1(
w/
15, 1776
November
Deaths.
Dr. Andrew Anderson,
of New Kent county;
who
was an
agreeable
companion,
a
stead
PAMPHLET
and an HONEST MAN.
Andrew
Anderson,
son
of Andrew Anderson,
a
Williamsburg
barber,
served as an apprentice
with Dr. James Carter, who operated an apothecary shop at the Sign of the Unicorn' s Horn. After
he had completed his term of apprenticeship, Anderson studied medicine in London for several
years. When he returned to Williamsburg in 1768, Anderson purchased, in partnership with Dr.
Carter, the druggist shop of William Biers. Anderson evidently neglected the shop and ran the
business deeply into debt. Carter managed to gain complete control of the shop, and Anderson
moved to New Kent County in 1771. In November 1771 Carter announced in the Virginia Gazette:
Whereas the Shop lately kept by Mr. Andrew Anderson, in this City, is become the sole Property of
the Subscriber, as also the Debts due to the said Shop, I do hereby give Notice that all Balances
which remain unpaid by the last Day of next December will have Suits commenced against them,
without Respect of Persons, or any further Notice. I have added the above mentioned Shop to my
own, which is kept by Mr. James Russell, the same person that kept the other; where all Gentlemen, Practioners and others, may be supplied at the same low Rates, for ready Money only.
James Carter.
Carter observed that Anderson" behaved himself-during the apprenticeship and served me well,he will do well as he is out of the way of young company of which he had too
and added, " I hope
much in Town."
November
November
26,
21- 30,
1976
1776
On this day the Council of Virginia paid Samuel Blews " fifty pounds ten shillings for fourteen
Guns furnished the fourth and fifth Regiments."
Samuel
Blews was a whitesmith living in Norfolk before the Revolution. He advertised in 1775:
Samuel Blews, from Birmingham. At his Ship, in Church- Street, Norfolk, Makes and Sells all sorts
of Locks, Hinges, large Press Screws for Clothiers, &
London,
c. He has lately engaged able Tradesmen from
whom he employs in finishing Cheaps and Tongues for Buckles, in the most elegant,
fashionable and compleat manner; in general he performs every thing belonging to the White- Smiths
business. The Public may be assured that what the Subscriber undertakes, he will be punctual in
executing, and studious to give Satisfaction; and they may depend on being reasonably charged.
Samuel Blewes.
N. B. He makes Strong Locks for Prisons or Stores, that cannot he pick' d; from four Dollars, to five
Pounds.
LL`/'
F
�Blews was captured after the Battle of Great Bridge and was charged with assisting Dunmore.
With other prisoners, he was sent to Williamsburg as a prisoner of war. The Convention, on
January 15, 1776, resolved that he ought to be detained a prisoner but allowed the Committee of
Safety
to discharge
him "
as
they think proper."
The Committee of Safety apparently discharged
him and employed him as an independent gunsmith. He was paid on several occasions for firearms
and for repairing firearms for the navy. Blews died in Norfolk in 1799.
November
26,
1776
On November 26, 1776, twenty- five members of the Masonic Lodge in Williamsburg met and
agree' d
on
the form of the procession
of our late Worthey Brother
Peyton
Y
Randolph
P
Grand Master
of Virginia Deceas' d, and, then repairing to the Colledge Chappel, after the Corps was inter' d,
returned to the Lodge and Adjourned till a Lodge in Course."
Peyton Randolph, who had been president of the first Continental Congress, died in Philadelphia
in October 1775. His body was not returned to Williamsburg until November 1776. In its edition of
November 29, 1776, the Virginia Gazette reported:
On Tuesday last the remains of our late amiable and beloved fellow citizen, the Hon. Peyton
Randolph, esq. were conveyed in a hearse to the College chapel, attended by the worshipful
brotherhood of Freemasons, both Houses of Assembly, a number of other gentlemen, and the
inhabitants of this city. The body received from the hearse by six gentlemen of the House of
Delegates, who conveyed it to the family vault in the chapel, after which an excellent oration was
pronounced from the pulpit by the reverend Thomas Davis, in honour of the deceased, and
recommending
it to the respectable audience to imitate his virtues. The oration being ended, the
body was deposited in the vault, when every spectator payed their last tribute of tears to the
memory of their departed
and much
honoured
friend—
may we add, to whom he was a father, an
able counsellor, and one of the firmest patriots. The remains of this worthy man were brought
thither from Philadelphia by Edmund Randolph, esq, at the earnest request of his uncle' s afflicted
and inconsolable widow. They were, when united a perfect pattern of friendship, complacency, and
love. No wonder, then, when separated, that the surviver should deeply bewail her irreparable loss.
Compiled by Harold B. Gill, Jr.
0
The Colonial
Williamsburg
Foundation
�
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
These Boisterous Times
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Colonial Williamsburg Foundation
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Colonial Williamsburg Foundation
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1976
Description
An account of the resource
“<em>These Boisterous Times…</em>” The Week in ’76 was a newsletter produced by the Colonial Williamsburg Department of Preservation and Research in 1976. Compiled by historian Harold Gill, the newsletter consisted of notable entries from the Virginia Gazette newspaper dated 1776 along with some additional historical background of the mentioned event or person. The newsletter was intended to assist Colonial Williamsburg’s interpreters with adding additional emphasis to events associated with 1776 during the celebration of the American Revolution Bicentennial (United States Bicentennial) in 1976.
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
These Boisterous Times November 14-30
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Colonial Williamsburg Foundation
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Colonial Williamsburg Foundation
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1976-11-30
-
https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/45914/archive/files/168c14603a8d9bcadd0712de250b4d22.pdf?Expires=1712793600&Signature=ioFXzXSnAY8--kmeHPjxHC-AygMoqE1tFyfBsZOhDtcB-%7EKBAe9Q5vQ-GJMnkMtQV4FcNatIWHF175JngfjN5Omfhl4CjJvAC0GYRpJfia-8TW0Go9mUhAaZAPW9mKzVi6IdDUJlRC6-%7EoNxjRuxQeGdXeRLX-eYqKvooB2Relwq14tgN4SWzGE1RKcu2wOXE5Z%7Ea5IdOhgKjZg4JR2cQwHFV%7EflKdW4XF%7EPFwsj-pGApm5mv3iTx8fSIemkMkqe60ShuXQVJYnQeE1q5rC2%7EUlLs9xAFZSm8eHiWYX0%7EYcoXGq7-gd8T14dD%7EhYsQ3CyyQE9zLd7ZlWwE3N7M2vFA__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM
99b9c264ac27a255407d65f0e9ea7403
PDF Text
Text
r
Times.. .
These BoisterousTimes.•
ftuk
N 76_.....
'
EE
l
ia%
-'
Alexander Purdie, Virginia Gazette,
January 1, 1776
AMENSONIIII
NOVEMBER
1976
November
1976
RCNr
s
1-
6,
n
November
1,
1776
I have received
this
a
c
RECORD
C PY /
0
Power from the Congress to contract
Commonwealth
with Provisions
for supplying the continental Troops within
for the ensuing Year, the 2d and 7th Regiments to commence
9.
t(
wii_.
0•
the 1st day of December next, and the Troops that are about to be raised as soon as they can be
collected. Those who are desirous to engage to supply these Troops are requested to meet me in the
City
of
Williamsburg
the
21st Instant,
with their Proposals.
PAMPHLET FfLfi
W. Aylett D. C. G.
William Aylett was appointed by Congress" deputy commissary general for supplying the troops
of Virginia with
rations"
on April 27,
1776.
On the reorganization
of the department
of the
commissary of purchases he was appointed on June 17, 1777, one of the four deputy commissary
generals under Commissary General Joseph Trumbull. Aylett also acted as agent for carrying on the
trade of the state and director of the public store in Williamsburg until December 3, 1777, when he
resigned and was succeeded by Thomas Smith as state agent and William Armistead as commissary
of stores for the state. He continued as commissary general until his death at Yorktown in 1781.
Before the war Aylett had served for several sessions in the House of Burgesses as a member
from King William County. He was also a member of the convention that adopted the first
constitution
of Virginia.
Williamsburg, November 1
Last Saturday evening died suddenly, at Mr. Tazewell' s in this city col. Richard Bland, one of the
delegates for Prince George in his 68th year, near one half of which term he devoted to the publick
service. He was a gentleman well acquainted with the constitution of his country, as well as with
many valuable branches of learning.
Richard Bland was born in Williamsburg and was educated at the College of William and Mary
and the University
of Edinburgh.
He later became an influential
member of the House of
Burgesses. In 1753 he condemned Governor Dinwiddie' s attempt to impose a fee for issuing land
grants as taxation without the people' s consent,and in 1757 he was the author of the Two Penny Act,
which, in claiming for Virginians the right of controlling their own taxation, was a preliminary step
to the formal measures of the American Revolution. He also asserted the exclusive authority of the
General Assembly of Virginia over the domestic affairs of the colony, and claimed that Virginia was
an independent kingdom,. under no subjection to Parliament, and only connected with England by
the ties of the crown. This doctrine was considered a " prodigious innovation" in most parts of the
country, although the patriots generally rested their cause upon it.
Bland served in the First Continental Congress and was a member of the Virginia Committee of
Safety and the Convention of May 1776, which declared for independence and adopted the first
state
constitution.
He held continued public
office
throughout the revolutionary
period— from
the
Two Penny Act to the Declaration of Independence. Bland' s knowledge of constitutional government helped
formulate
the
rationale
for the Revolution
in Virginia.
�November
2,
1776
On November 2 the Council ordered " that a warrant issue to Goldberry Hacket for twenty five
pounds ten shillings for six Guns purchased of him by Captain Robert Anderson for the Publick
Service."
Hacket, a gunsmith in Norfolk, had been in business with a cutler named Bird:
Bird and Hackett, Gunsmiths and Cutlers, at the sign of the Cross Guns, on Woodside' s Wharf. Beg
leave to infirm the public, that they make all kinds of Guns and Pistols, in the neatest manner, and
mend and clean old Guns. Likewise all sorts of Swords made, mended, and mounted, Cutlery made,
and mended, Razors, Surgeons Instruments Ground and Set, in the best manner and at the lowest
terms, for Ready Money. All orders from the Country, will be carefully compleated with dispatch.
When Norfolk was destroyed, Hacket moved to Williamsburg where he worked as a gunsmith in
the Public Magazine.
November
11, 1776
Bill for the Removal of the Seat of Government of Virginia. Whereas great numbers of the
Inhabitants of this Commonwealth must frequently, and of necessity resort to the seat of Government, where General
assemblys are convened,
Superior Courts are held and the Governor
and
Council usually transact the executive business of Government, and the equal rights of all the said
Inhabitants require that such seat of Government should be as nearly central to all, as may be,
having regard only to Navigation the benefits of which are necessary for encouraging the growth of a
Town.
The Bill for the Removal of the Seat of Government, the preamble of which is above, was
presented to the House of Delegates by Thomas Jefferson on November 11 and was rejected by a
vote of 61 to 38.
This bill, the third effort to move the seat of government in Virginia, exhibited Jefferson' s farreaching legislative program, which included his endeavor to equalize advantages and opportunities
between the Piedmont and Tidewater regions and his concern with defense measures. The bill was
finally passed in 1779 and the capital moved to Richmond in 1780.
Compiled by Harold B. Gill, Jr.
1;°
The Colonial
i
ft-%
Williamsburg
-;:;
Foundation
�
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
These Boisterous Times
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Colonial Williamsburg Foundation
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Colonial Williamsburg Foundation
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1976
Description
An account of the resource
“<em>These Boisterous Times…</em>” The Week in ’76 was a newsletter produced by the Colonial Williamsburg Department of Preservation and Research in 1976. Compiled by historian Harold Gill, the newsletter consisted of notable entries from the Virginia Gazette newspaper dated 1776 along with some additional historical background of the mentioned event or person. The newsletter was intended to assist Colonial Williamsburg’s interpreters with adding additional emphasis to events associated with 1776 during the celebration of the American Revolution Bicentennial (United States Bicentennial) in 1976.
Dublin Core
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Title
A name given to the resource
These Boisterous Times November 1-6, 1976
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Colonial Williamsburg Foundation
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Colonial Williamsburg Foundation
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1976-11-06
-
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62.4.4.0.AAAAA•-. RSwa- Q1 Xi•,n.4 ,
il
ol,
IN '
L,,. w•.,.
a...,11111 ,
BoZsterous Trw..
ii
••
Thes
ricui_
irEEK
_
,
7 it Alexander
i.
,),
Purdie, Virginia
January
,
Gazette, 111
I,
17 6 Mk
T
diNdiimild
OCTOBER
i
1976 ppCP23
17-
18, 1776
or
dockt
0
a
COPY ;
October
o' er
sLi-%
is,
PAMPHLET
FILE ei
the said mare to the subscriber at the palace shall have 10s reward, and more if brought 10 miles
distance. John
Farquharson. John
Farquharson acted as gardener at the Palace from the beginning of 1776 and may have worked
there earlier. By
which
1779 his duties had been expanded to managing the gardens at the Public Hospital,
he continued to do until 1780, when the capital moved to Richmond. Farquharson
in Wil iamsburg, where
23, 1776
remained
he died about 1784. October
The
House of Delegates passed Thomas Jefferson' s bil to abolish entail, and the Senate concurred
on November 1.
While the practice of entail, the rule by which the descent of real property
is fixed on specified descendants, was never widely employed in Virginia, Jefferson regarded
the bill as a radical action and the first blow against the entrenched aristocracy. He
it
considered
one of his most significant achievements. Jefferson
objected to the old ruling group, not because it governed badly, but because he disliked the
essential irrationality and injustice of the existing system. Jefferson later wrote that under the old
system there was no acceptance of liberal ideas. Even though the bill abolishing entails simplified
the exceedingly complicated situation of land descent, its primary importance was its break
with a tradit on that
extended back
to the Middle Ages. October
2431, 1976
25,
1776
October
The
Council of Virginia, on October 25,paid Mary Camp over 1,15"for supplying three Indian Captives
and an Interpreter with Liquors, Boarding, Washing, and Lodgings for seventeen days."
On
November 13 she was paid for ac ommodating the prisoners for an additional fifteen days by order
of the governor. At
one time Mary Camp operated a tavern near the College, but by 1776 she had moved to a farm just
outside of town where she continued to provide accommodations for travelers. Her establish- ment
was a favorite of military officers. Mrs. Camp' s farm in Bruton Parish comprised 310 acres, and
she had a fine herd of cattle. Mrs.
Camp died in 1784 and her estate, consisting, among
the
was
stock
sold
Strayed
-----
out of the governour' s pasture, the night of the 14th instant( October) a bay mare i.. neither
.
14 hands and a half high,6 or 7 years old, her back scalded on each IttIt—
branded, about
side,
is supposed to be near this place. Whoever BB
in good order, yet rather low necked, and
brings
Stolen
nor
is
she
1976
October
1 ,,,
of cattle
at auction.
c.
hogs, &
all
the
household
other things, of"two good work horses,
a good many beds,"
and kitchen furniture, [and]
`
�
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Title
A name given to the resource
These Boisterous Times
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Colonial Williamsburg Foundation
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Colonial Williamsburg Foundation
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1976
Description
An account of the resource
“<em>These Boisterous Times…</em>” The Week in ’76 was a newsletter produced by the Colonial Williamsburg Department of Preservation and Research in 1976. Compiled by historian Harold Gill, the newsletter consisted of notable entries from the Virginia Gazette newspaper dated 1776 along with some additional historical background of the mentioned event or person. The newsletter was intended to assist Colonial Williamsburg’s interpreters with adding additional emphasis to events associated with 1776 during the celebration of the American Revolution Bicentennial (United States Bicentennial) in 1976.
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
These Boisterous Times October 17-30
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Colonial Williamsburg Foundation
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Colonial Williamsburg Foundation
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1976-10-30
-
https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/45914/archive/files/bf4c38999667ff0acfa304149a995927.pdf?Expires=1712793600&Signature=lg2TTq9pxYt8aRP%7EuxihryO5otamUHoHE7HajmYBMevgSq4xqqk-p4Ank61ap%7EDguA57eGyWu7SROPVdXrPH-7ScB7zM1Sxmd9uSivqrEZB9rcm-vEqqlrPtiUf4l%7Efl-fcqo7OQToSOJINLzlbxCMvi0tCJIM7x55Jd21fVnGHJA6eQCyNx-bCrkIc3QpqUKsSw-GcCgX1C5eLZOboTt6MwefwtmVUWcRehfPE1Zp6tdE7ZJjoc-ozfdppBhY1kN-ae2Ae9eRz6zCw7LUXkA11UJCRONqasqVrXUM2034SrWcwPYPqaZwq2X2lJg0DocDZV0zW99wFkJ2cxWNYsMQ__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM
aaa66f03a5e0068ea2c532d3aed0b4d2
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Text
M ...
cc
0
TheseBoistero us_„....
Times..
. . _.
I-,
I
EE
Alexander
Purdie, Virginia Gazette,
January
K
1, 1776
COPY
TO:
1976
OCTOBER
JRS
JFD-'
EMR
October
1-
9,
REG
1976
DJE
October 2, 1776
Two
DRP
Chair- Makers,
Journeymen
and
a
Wheelwright
will
meet
with
good
encouragement
by
applying to
A
JNR
Shiphard.
John Shiphard,
employed
1771.
by
from
Alexander
He had opened
Craig
his shop
journeyman harnessmaker
1761. Shiphard entered business for himself after Craig died in
Capitol Landing Road by 1772 and expanded his work to include
first appeared
London,
in
on
in
Williamsburg
as
a
coachmaking as well as harnessmaking. In 1775 he announced in the Virginia Gazette:
John Shiphard, Coach, Chaise, and Harness Maker, from LONDON, Informs the Public that he has
now
on
Hand
a
neat
Phaeton,
double
and
single
Riding Chairs, & c. which he will dispose of on
reasonable Terms, for Cash, European or West India Goods. He returns his most grateful Thanks to
all those who have hitherto favoured him with their Custom, and hakes this Method to inform them,
as well as the Public in general, that he is determined to spare neither Pains nor Expense in prose-
cuting the different Branches of his Business to the Satisfaction of all who may please to employ him.
He will repair Carriages as above- mentioned,
either in the Wheels or Bodies, and will attend to the
greatest Punctuality.
During the Revolution, Shiphard rented several buildings to the state that were used for
barracks. He continued to work in Williamsburg until 1785, when he gave his property to his
children.
October 7, 1776
On October 11, 1776, the Virginia Gazette reported:
The General Assembly of the free and independent State of Virginia met at the Capitol, in this
City on Monday last.
The first General Assembly under the new state constitution met at the Capitol on October 7.
The constitution provided for members of the Virginia Convention to return as the first House of
Delegates. Elections were held for this session only for the Senate. Annual elections were held in
the spring thereafter and the Assembly ordinarily met twice a year, in May and October.
At the first session,
Edmund Pendleton
was elected Speaker of the House of Delegates and
Archibald Cary Speaker of the Senate. Thomas Jefferson gave up his seat in the Continental
Congress
to attend the session to be certain that reforms
he considered
essential
to a republic
were
carried out.
October 10- 16, 1976
October 10, 1776
Good encouragement will be given to journeymen shoemakers, especially those who understand
making of Boots, by
Robert Gilbert.
Robert
Gilbert,
a
boot and
shoemaker,
established
his business
in
Williamsburg "
near the
Capitol" in 1768. He announced in the Virginia Gazette his expertise in making nearly every known
form of footwear:
PB
BB
INH
FG
�Robert Gilbert, Boot and Shoemaker,& e. Hereby acquaints the publick that he has opened shop
near the Capitol in Williamsburg, where he intends carrying on his business in all its branches, viz.
shoe or channel, calf or buckskin boots, jockey do. and spatterdashes, mens plain, sticked, spring,
and woodhealed, shoes and pumps, calf or dogskin; campaign, single, double or turned channels,
slippers, blue or red turkey, cork soles, and galloches; womens leather, stuff, silk, and braided shoes
and pumps, slippers, cork soles, galloches, and clogs. As he imports the whole of his materials from
Great Britain, where punctual payments are required, he proposes supplying Ladies and Gentle-
men with any of the above articles on the most reasonable terms, for ready money. Those who
please to favour him with their custom may depend on their work being speedily executed, in the
genteelest and newest fashions, and in such a manner as he hopes will merit a continuance of their
favours.
During the Revolution, Gilbert carried on an extensive business of supplying shoes and boots for
the army. In 1780 he made 165 pairs of boots for the mounted troops for which he received over
e27, 000 of nearly worthless money.
Gilbert continued to work in Williamsburg until 1783, when he moved to Richmond.
October
10,
1776
Grove Camp, near Williamsburg, October 10, 1776.
The subscribers want to employ workmen immediately to build STABLES for the first and second
squadrons of light horse. Those who are willing to undertake the business are desired to apply, as
soon as possible, to Edward Irving or John Dandridge, quartermasters.
Grove Camp, one of several military encampments in and around Williamsburg, was located at
Waller' s Grove on Capitol Landing Road. The encampment was established in the late summer of
1775 and was one of the points where Virginia troops assembled before their march to Washington' s
army. In 1778 Benjamin Waller, owner of the Grove, was reimbursed k.370 for the " Timber and
Wood" that the soldiers had used from the Grove.
Compiled by Harold B. Gill, Jr.
I
u
ca•
s
iw
The Colonial
Williamsburg
Foundation
�
Dublin Core
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Title
A name given to the resource
These Boisterous Times
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Colonial Williamsburg Foundation
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Colonial Williamsburg Foundation
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1976
Description
An account of the resource
“<em>These Boisterous Times…</em>” The Week in ’76 was a newsletter produced by the Colonial Williamsburg Department of Preservation and Research in 1976. Compiled by historian Harold Gill, the newsletter consisted of notable entries from the Virginia Gazette newspaper dated 1776 along with some additional historical background of the mentioned event or person. The newsletter was intended to assist Colonial Williamsburg’s interpreters with adding additional emphasis to events associated with 1776 during the celebration of the American Revolution Bicentennial (United States Bicentennial) in 1976.
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
These Boisterous Times October 1-16, 1976
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Colonial Williamsburg Foundation
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Colonial Williamsburg Foundation
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1976-10-16
-
https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/45914/archive/files/1beaf7cc175255b246a1c9416ea996e8.pdf?Expires=1712793600&Signature=voe3qdwUciDmjIl7z5bgLNLDigbvA59KA8jZREmyuYeDnI34VrGaQJkuRtpUbXFfCEVEXEBiVkiQjoERfKsA1WNpeMNogkVcPTbewYQk4WEYO6TbfQFTveR8kWuE-2MNExMjV-ToZSO6mFIB3P8K3jM%7E3mllUh%7EyfinIy0jpr5GyYg-S-QolrtGRTIDAGUD1e%7ENvuBuR3B7gvSF5VLZnhIvSvU7bUb2NTv61z-JC-6LiTZFXqtbvzXByqN%7EsqhOPp6cad0LNtKtNetyPKNPYQuBuWbuNkOmswp99CMCIXHQc5c2i6Us3yLnb6vyCN7UPJTuKhT9pXSrAiThNnqda7A__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM
f791d0e8deb187cc53d02838dc04d73f
PDF Text
Text
J
These Boisterous Times.. ."
11111
I,
fl
4P!
ke_
1k xander Purdic,
Virginia Gazette,
January 1,
SEPTEMBER 1976
r
• ."--
RECORD).
September
September
21,
19- 25,
o,
eopy
w"`
1776
s
o
P
PAMPHLET
John Bracken, Rector of Bruton parish,
Carter Burwell, Esq., of Carter' s Grove.
Marriages—
1976
Rev.
to Miss
1776
FILE , `
u?I
Sally Burwell, daughter of the late
i
The Reverend John Bracken arrived in Virginia in 1772 and was appointed rector of Bruton
Parish the following year. His marriage to Sally Burwell brought him connections with some of
Virginia'
s
most
prominent
families—
the Carters and Burwells. Sally' s brother owned Carter' s
Grove, and her uncle, Robert Carter Nicholas, was treasurer of Virginia. The marriage inspired the
following poem published in the Virginia Gazette:
Could I on airy pinions soar,
Where mighty poets flew before,
How would I, in unpolish' d lays,
Rehearse this happy couple' s praise!
My tight- strung lyre should sing the fair,
With
whom
but few can well compare,
For modesty and sense conbin' d,
Those valu' d qualities of mind.
Of Bracken too my muse should sing,
His praise should echo from my string;
Religion,
virtue,
all around,
And morals good, should loudly sound.
Such lofty themes I must resign,
Such, abler poets, such be thine.
In 1775 Bracken was appointed Master of the Grammar School and Professor of Humanity at the
College of William and Mary and held the position until the College was reorganized in 1779. In
1793 Bracken was granted a doctor of divinity degree by William and Mary and in 1812 he was
named president of the College. He remained president until 1814 when he retired. He died four
years later and was buried at Carter' s Grove.
September
27,
1776
Strayed from Williamsburg, on or about the 6th Instant ( September) a Light Bay Horse with a
long Switch Tail, a Star in his Forehead, remarkable flat Hoofs, upwards of 14 Hands high, and
galled with a Harness; his Brand( if any) forgot. Whoever brings the said Horse to me in Williamsburg shall receive a Reward proportioned to the Trouble and Distance.
Thomas
Everard.
Thomas Everard was a prominent citizen of Williamsburg who served several terms as mayor of
the town. He was appointed clerk of York County in 1745 and held the position until his death. As
county clerk he maintained an exceptional set of records that have been of basic importance in the
restoration of Williamsburg. Everard also served four terms as clerk of the Committee of Courts
and Justice in the House of Burgesses, and he was one of the trustees of the Public Hospital.
Sometime before 1779 Everard purchased the house on Palace Green now called the BrushEverard House. He
also
owned farms in James city and Brunswick
counties.
He died in 1781.
fir
�Doctor Amson' s Prescription
for the HOOPING- COUGH.
It will be proper to begin with a Vomit, of an Infusion in boiling Water of Ipecacuanha, with the
Addition of Oxymel of Squills, and once in five or six Days to purge gently with a little Manna and
Cream of Tartar, or the like; having Regard to the Age of the Child. For a Boy of 10 Years old, 25
Grains of Ipecacuanha, with a Spoonful of Camomile Flower Tea, and to give, when it has done
working, thirty or forty Drops of Elixir Paregosicum
in a little Pennyroyal Tea and Mint Water,
sweetened at Pleasure; and this is proper to be given every Night.
Give every day, once in 2 or 3 Hours, a Spoonful of the following Mixture: Take two Drahms of
Gum Ammoniac, dissolve them in a Pint of Pennyroyal Tea, strain off, and add lour Spoonfuls of
Honey, and Half a Pint of the following:
Take two Hundred Woodlice, wash them in wine, then press out the Juice, and mix it with a Pint
of White Wine, in which two Drahms
of Saffron have been infused.
N. D. These Doses being for one of 10 Years old, must be made less for younger Children,
according to their Ages: For a sucking Child 3 Months old, mixt the Juice of an Hundred Woodlice
with a Pint of Pennyroyal Tea and two Spoonfuls of Honey; it may be given with a little Milk, or( if it
do not sit on the Stomach) with a little small Cinnamon
Water. From 4 to 6 Drops of Elixir
Paregosicum will be a sufficient Dose.
The publication of the cure in the Virginia Gazette was no doubt caused by the epidemic of
whooping cough in Virginia during the summer and fall of 1776. The fact that the prescription was
published over ten years after Amson' s death shows the respect held for his abilities.
Dr. John Amson first appeared in Williamsburg in 1746 when the trustees of the city granted him
the block of lots north of Scotland Street bounded by Boundary and Henry streets. Two years later
he was elected mayor. Like most graduate physicians, he did not operate an apothecary shop. Dr.
Amson practiced medicine in Williamsburg until his death about 1764.
Compiled by Harold B. Gill, Jr.
fitt
çjj
1
The Colonial
F„,;
Williamsburg
Foundation
�
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
These Boisterous Times
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Colonial Williamsburg Foundation
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Colonial Williamsburg Foundation
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1976
Description
An account of the resource
“<em>These Boisterous Times…</em>” The Week in ’76 was a newsletter produced by the Colonial Williamsburg Department of Preservation and Research in 1976. Compiled by historian Harold Gill, the newsletter consisted of notable entries from the Virginia Gazette newspaper dated 1776 along with some additional historical background of the mentioned event or person. The newsletter was intended to assist Colonial Williamsburg’s interpreters with adding additional emphasis to events associated with 1776 during the celebration of the American Revolution Bicentennial (United States Bicentennial) in 1976.
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
These Boisterous Times September 19-25
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Colonial Williamsburg Foundation
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Colonial Williamsburg Foundation
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1976-09-25
-
https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/45914/archive/files/046c71ea13f7d107f9326070f89024d4.pdf?Expires=1712793600&Signature=ZJfhP9yS53qqZEfXFQYmgWIgbKgoWukD8t2GFjZuiLE00S8EeJUnM%7EksBzmqzEATSOY7Tkkir5P%7Ek8aquUDt-eDYT2bNTylbwPzZlO1qkxcHjmz60EYSWUK2teLIQzzD6h467TO6MAGoD%7EMo-oMGupcTzQXfN9uye-XtxDXedPV9y9x0FpeSiyAQFOnke67LoK0RmfRzlnlN806oxAjqf8udZ%7E%7EtlRWaQ9WoNl6kL%7EGMsl0reFJDy0yUrPzEJxkmJsi6gFPbbHet9666duV9ljQPoZI2y67azw5Ea7fOPeObQhnhgFAv%7E8J93s7r1XYkAnZrJZ6bDjz9-D3p1cbkkQ__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM
3a2d5ffa8eddbeab707b2caab64ec6d0
PDF Text
Text
1
TheBotrs Times.. .
iipip'
4t
4,
i
11c. xander
1'
January
imorrismainimmilahit..
SEPTEMBER
1-
September
The times in
Williamsburg during
the
first
two
--
1' ir, inia
urelie,
1,
177 '
-
444.--
1976
18, 1976
weeks
MITT
of September
1776
were
unusually
quiet.
The Council met regularly and spent its time purchasing military supplies. The Navy Board also
meeting
in
Williamsburg
was
with
contracting
workers
for
Gazette
'
the
newly established
Chickahominy
L
BB
Shipyard. The York County Court did not meet at all during September. Several regiments of
troops stationed at William§burg had little to do. Bored soldiers, probably anxious to return home
for harvest, deserted from the camps around the town.
NINE
POUNDS
REWARD
Deserted from my company of the 5th battalion, at College camp, Williamsburg, JOSEPH
JOLLEY, 5 feet 10 or 11 inches high, a stout well made man, stoops in his shoulders, has light
brown hair, gray eyes, fair complexion, and large whiskers; he is addicted to strong liquor, and when
drunk exceedingly talkative and troublesome. He has a family in the lower end of Henrico county,
where he may no doubt be apprehended; JOHN ROBINSON, 5 feet 8 or 9 inches high, slim made,
dark complexion, black hair, black eyes, the whites of which are tinctured yellow with the jaundice,
is apt to get drunk, and when so insolent and quarrelsome; he also comes from the lower end of
Henrico county. THOMAS ROBINSON, brother of John, 5 feet 7 or 8 inches high, swarthy
complexion, gray eyes, brown hair, and is somewhat deaf. He went away with a brother that was
down to see him on Saturday the 14th instant. Jolly, and his brother John, absconded the same
night. Whoever
will secure the said deserters,
or either of them,
and deliver them
to the
commanding officer at Williamsburg, shall be entitled to a reward of 3 1. for each.
John Pleasants.
Deserted the 17th instant, from my company of the 5th battalion, the following soldiers, viz.
THOMAS HOLLAND, 5 feet 9 or 10 inches high, about 23 years old, of a fair complexion, and has
light hair; had on a silver laced hat, and was very well clothed. JOSEPH PAYNE, about 5 feet 8
inches high, about 25 years old, has dark hair, and is dressed as soldiers commonly are; he listed in
Bedford. JOHN FRANKLIN, about 5 feet 10 inches high, has light hair, of a fair complexion, but
has a very ugly down look; wore a common soldier' s dress, with a white hat, and was listed in
Williamsburg, though he came from Hanover. TEN DOLLARS reward for each, if delivered at
Williamsburg.
Cross Scruggs.
With so many soldiers stationed in Williamsburg, the local barbers experienced a boom in their
business. James Nichols offered high wages to journeymen barbers:
Wanted immediately, Two journeymen BARBERS, who can shave and dress well, and ifacquainted
with wigmaking it will be more in their favour. Such persons as are capable as above required will
receive extraordinary
wages by applying to
James Nichols.
Nichols arrived in Virginia from London in 1772 and established his shop in Petersburg. In the
fall of 1775 he moved to Williamsburg and opened his business at the Brick House Tavern. The
following spring Nichols formed a partnership with Richard Charlton, another local barber, but
because Charlton failed to come" up with any part of his agreement" the partnership was dissolved.
Nichols continued to live in Williamsburg, where he died in 1784.
September 17, 1776
With the impending convening of the General Assembly set for October, the Council wrote
Governor Patrick Henry " representing the urgent necessity of his immediate attendance, for the
dispatch of public business." Henry had been sick at the time he was inaugurated as governor and
had gone home to recover his health. The Council, under the direction of its president, John Page,
had been performing
the
executive
function of the
state
government—
it was not until September
17 that Henry attended the Council.
Compiled
by
Harold B. Gill, Jr.
�
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
These Boisterous Times
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Colonial Williamsburg Foundation
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Colonial Williamsburg Foundation
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1976
Description
An account of the resource
“<em>These Boisterous Times…</em>” The Week in ’76 was a newsletter produced by the Colonial Williamsburg Department of Preservation and Research in 1976. Compiled by historian Harold Gill, the newsletter consisted of notable entries from the Virginia Gazette newspaper dated 1776 along with some additional historical background of the mentioned event or person. The newsletter was intended to assist Colonial Williamsburg’s interpreters with adding additional emphasis to events associated with 1776 during the celebration of the American Revolution Bicentennial (United States Bicentennial) in 1976.
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Title
A name given to the resource
These Boisterous Times September 1-18, 1976
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Colonial Williamsburg Foundation
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Colonial Williamsburg Foundation
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1976-09-18
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d1cf49646de3f0900f1530862e04a75d
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i '
R.
r
T z eseBoisterous Times•• •
I, ,
ii
u
AtI •
7
FF
F
. -
Alexander Purdie, Virginia Gazette
-
N/
January
1,
1776
iiiii
GHIt,
P
AUGUST 1976
August
August
16,
15- 21,
S
f ECQ fl
1976
C 6 r' Y
1776
w,.
our mines
in the
back country; which,
after
being
cast into
bullets,
we
hope will be unerringly
directed against our enemies.
The mines in southwest Virginia (present-day Wythe County) were the only lead mines in the
colonies capable of large- scale production. At the beginnning of the Revolution the mines were
taken over by the state and were operated with slave labor. The lead was of critical importance to
the war effort, especially in the defense of the frontiers.
The mines were opened about the middle of the eighteenth century and were owned by a
partnership consisting of John Chiswell, who owned the controlling interest, William Byrd III, and
John Robinson, speaker of the House of Burgesses.
John Chiswell, a resident of Williamsburg, became the center of a constitutional crisis in Virginia
when, in 1766, he murdered Robert Routlidge at a tavern in Cumberland County. The county
examining court bound Chiswell over for trial in the General Court and committed him to the jail in
Williamsburg without bail. But when Chiswell reached Williamsburg in the custody of the
Cumberland sheriff, three members of the General Court released him on bail. The issue became a
double- barreled one. First was the question of partiality; that is, did Chiswell receive favored
treatment because he was a member of the aristocracy? The second point, just as important, was
the question of freedom of the press. Did the Virginia Gazette fail to report the murder because it
was committed by an aristocrat related to a member of the Council and to Virginia' s attorney
general as well as the fact that he was a member of the House of Burgesses? Purdie' s Virginia
Gazette was firmly under the control of the governor and council, but at some risk Purdie printed
Robert Bolling' s query as to whether the judges of the General Court could legally release Chiswell
on bail. Bolling believed that the judges acted in a partial manner and overturned " the laws and
constitution
of
the
country."
A war of words began in the two local newspapers involving writings
by many prominent Virginians that resulted in libel suits against both gazettes. In the end, the
grand jury, after being charged by Governor Fauquier to" punish the licentiousness of the Press,"
The freedom of the press was upheld and the grand jury
repudiated the governor' s high- handed tactics.
returned
the indictment"
Not True Bills."
The case against Chiswell ended when, as reported in the Virginia Gazette, Chiswell died of
of mind." It was generally belie}
1 that he had
fits, owing to a constant uneasiness
Nervous
committed suicide rather than face the common hangman. Combined with the Robinson scandal,
the Chiswell case tended to loosen the grip of the aristocracy on the colonial government.
The lead mines continued operations and produced large quantities of the valuable material for
the defense
of
liberty during
the
Revolution.
1 --
m
PAMPHLET FILE
j?,
From undoubted authority, we can assure the publick that 15, 000 wt. of pure lead have been got
from
9
BB
�August
August
23,
22—: 3I,
I976
1776
The Manufacturing Society in Williamsburg are in want of a person to superintend the works,
purchase materials, etc. and to keep the necessary accounts. Any who are qualified to undertake that
business, and comes well recommended, will be treated with by the managers, and good wages will
be given.
As the making of SAIL- CLOTH is one of their objects, the Society will give good encouragement
to spinners and weavers acquainted
with that branch.
Ready money will be given for HEMP and FLAX, either fully prepared for spinning, or from the
break or swingle.
As soon as the works are erected, the Society propose taking a number of boys and girls as
apprentices
to SPINNING,
WEAVING,
etc.
The Manufacturing Society was one of several efforts to establish industries in Virginia now that
supplies from Britain were cut off. The chairman of the Society was Robert Carter Nicholas, and
John Crawford, a weaver from Prince George County, managed the factory.
By spring 1777 the factory was producing enough linen to offer it at auction" before the Raleigh."
In July more linen was sold at auction:
On Thursday the 31st Instant, at 4 o' Clock in the Afternoon, will be sold at public Auction, before
the Raleigh, for ready Money, about four hundred Yards of Hempen Linen, and a Piece of fine
Linen, wove with a Satin Stripe, in Imitation of Corduroy, very proper for Summer Breeches, made
at the WILLIAMSBURG MANUFACTORY. For the Conveniency of the Purchasers the above
Linens will be cut into small Pieces.
The Williamsburg Manufactory continued operations until 1784, when it was dissolved. The high
cost of labor in Virginia probably prevented the profitable operation of the factory in time of peace.
Compiled
by
Harold B. Gill, Jr.
�
Dublin Core
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Title
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These Boisterous Times
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Colonial Williamsburg Foundation
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Colonial Williamsburg Foundation
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1976
Description
An account of the resource
“<em>These Boisterous Times…</em>” The Week in ’76 was a newsletter produced by the Colonial Williamsburg Department of Preservation and Research in 1976. Compiled by historian Harold Gill, the newsletter consisted of notable entries from the Virginia Gazette newspaper dated 1776 along with some additional historical background of the mentioned event or person. The newsletter was intended to assist Colonial Williamsburg’s interpreters with adding additional emphasis to events associated with 1776 during the celebration of the American Revolution Bicentennial (United States Bicentennial) in 1976.
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
These Boisterous Times August 15-31
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Colonial Williamsburg Foundation
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Colonial Williamsburg Foundation
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1976-08-31
-
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28bfee481390a29798b1ea33ff19730d
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Text
i
Lk_
0
These
I
a
t
„
f
fix
r.. .
Tes..
E
TH
pr., .
III
v7.
P
,
Ale xan der Purdie
a
January
AUGUST
August 1August 2,
1976
VirginiaGu
1
t._ _
1776
is
4''
7, 1976
444"`'
1776
ter
The Ship Oxford, a Prize of 200 Tons Burthen, with her Tackle, Apparel,
Rigging, and Furniture,
excellent Order, will be sold at
public Sale, for ready Money, on Monday the 19th Instant,
all in
t'
before
the Raleigh
Tavern in Williamsburg, at 6 o'Clock in the Afternoon. The Ship, with here
Furniture,
be
seen
may
by
applying
to
Capt.
Inventory of the same.
James Gregory
of Prince
George,
who
has
LI ,
BB
an
James Hubard.
Randolph
Price,
a
planter
of
Surry County,
thought he would
take advantage of the crowd
of
PtaCHlV,
buyers assembled to bid on the ship to show and sell his race horse.
For Sale, The noted swift horse IRISHMAN, that has often
proved himself to be as swift as any
horse in Virginia or North Carolina, agreeable to the rules of
for getting
racing. He is remarkable
very delicate colts, and is now rising 8 years old. As this horse is so well known, I think a farther
description of him needless. He will be shewn at the Raleigh tavern, in
Williamsburg,
the
19th of
RECORD
COPY
c
np
t',
v.
0
j
qr•
o
w,
a.%•-
this instant, when the terms will be made known by
Randolph
Price.
PAMPHLET
Unfortunately for Mr. Price, the auction of the ship was canceled, and we are left in the dark as to
whether or not he sold Irishman.
August 6, 1776
The Council of Virginia, concerned because the citizens of Williamsburg were inconvenienced
by soldiers quartered in the town, ordered:
That it be recommended to Brigadier General Lewis to provide Barracks for the Continental Army
stationed here to be built on that part of the Park, which the Governor lately gave up for the use of
the Troops; as a Measure, at once more agreeable to the Inhabitants of Williamsburg, and in the
Opinion of this Board less expensive to the Continent than renting Houses for that Purpose.
On August 9, William Finnie, Deputy Quarter Master General, announced that the contract for
building the barracks would be let to the lowest bidder:
The building of a sufficient number of WOODEN BARRACKS to hold 1000 troops, also a large
STABLE for the horses belonging to the army, will be let to the lowest bidder on Saturday the 17th
instant, at 3 o' clock in the afternoon, before the Raleigh tavern.
In September the Council discovered that the barracks should be double the size originally
planned, so it ordered that the barracks be made to accommodate 2, 000 troops and the stables be
enlarged to house 100 horses. The barracks, built on the Palace lands northeast of the Palace, were
burned
by
the British
in 1781.
FILE
�August 8- 14, 1976
August
10,
1776
On this day the Council ordered the payment of" two pounds and three pence for cloaths and
other necessaries furnished Alexander Silver a prisoner of War."
Alexander Silver was captured twice by the Virginia forces. The first time he was captured, he
was considered harmless and was released to return to the British lines. On his second capture,
though, the Virginians were forced to keep him. The Virginia Gazette reported on August 24:
Master Alex Silver, a little Gentleman, who was taken at Norfiilk gathering strawberries in a
garden, and discharged, and again taken at Gwyn' s island, in the sloop Lady Charlotte tender, and
who is said to be a relation of Capt. Squire' s, [ Matthew Squire, captain of HMS Otter] was put to
school in this city by order of the Council, and is now very happily situated.
On August
7 the Council ordered: "
That Alexander Silver, a little boy taken on Board the Lady
Charlotte
tender at Gwyns Island, be put to school under Mr. Fry in this City, and boarded there
at
also
public
expence
until further
orders."
There was no way to return Silver to the British
because they had fled to sea. Most prisoners of was were sent to the western part of the state, but
Alexander was a small boy and the Council felt responsible for his well- being and made him a ward
of the state.
Robert Fry had been a schoolmaster in Norfolk from about 1762 until the destruction of his
school when Norfolk was burned in January 1776. He then moved to Williamsburg and opened
another
school near the College. Robert Fry died in Isle of Wight County in 1783, and nothing
more is known of Alexander Silver.
Compiled by Harold B. Gill, Jr.
g
I
3
The Colonial
Williamsburg
Foundation
�
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
These Boisterous Times
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Colonial Williamsburg Foundation
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Colonial Williamsburg Foundation
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1976
Description
An account of the resource
“<em>These Boisterous Times…</em>” The Week in ’76 was a newsletter produced by the Colonial Williamsburg Department of Preservation and Research in 1976. Compiled by historian Harold Gill, the newsletter consisted of notable entries from the Virginia Gazette newspaper dated 1776 along with some additional historical background of the mentioned event or person. The newsletter was intended to assist Colonial Williamsburg’s interpreters with adding additional emphasis to events associated with 1776 during the celebration of the American Revolution Bicentennial (United States Bicentennial) in 1976.
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
These Boisterous Times August 1-14
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Colonial Williamsburg Foundation
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Colonial Williamsburg Foundation
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1976-08-14
-
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83540f5e8cd503a9cae53b9dcd5334b9
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Text
Oil
I
t
i _ .ill
Sit
I iitcc Boisterous. I irne
1g
EE
l
N
Fre
mu
`
.
Ilk . 7 ,
Alexander Purdie, Virginia Ga
January
117
6
PFyCH1t, .. s
JULY
July
1976
18- 24,
o Y ,`
1976
m)
e
9
wILL'
18,
PAMPHLET
1776
The Executive Council was probably surprised when one minuteman attended the session and
requested a discharge from military service:
William Wood, a minute man in Captain Nicholas Lewis' s Company applied to this Board, &
desired
that
he might be discharged&
permitted to return home; and upon examination it appears
that the said William Wood is Sixty five years old, and that he had entered into the service from a
motive of serving his Country; It is ordered, that he be discharged from doing any further duty in
the
said Company; &
that he be permitted to return home to his Family.
At the beginning of the war there was an enthusiastic display of patriotism by men volunteering
for service and forming military companies. But enthusiasm quickly dried up when men discovered
that military service had its drawbacks such as long marches and dull camp life. The state soon
found it necessary to resort to drafts to fill the ranks.
Four Pounds Reward. Strayed, or Stolen, on the 5th of this Month, a Light Bay Horse, 14 Hands
and an Inch high, with a Switch Tail, Blaze Face, a Blemish on his right Eye, and I think his right
hind Foot is white; trots and gallops. Whoever will deliver him to Mr. Richard Timberlake in King
William, or the Subscriber in Williamsburg, shall have Twenty Shillings Reward, and if Stolen,
Three
Pounds
on Conviction
of the Thief.
James Craig.
James Craig, a silversmith,
arrived in Williamsburg
about 1747. He carried on a successful
business at his shop, the Golden Ball, on Duke of Gloucester Street. Craig evidently retired from
business in 1779 but remained in Williamsburg where he died in 1794.
July 20, 1776
On this day the Executive Council recorded in its journal a payment to Robert Andrews:
Ordered, That
twelve
a
Draught
Andrews,
Warrant
issue to Mr. Robert Andrews for One hundred &
that
pence in full of his own Account&
of the Posts of Williamsburg, York, Hampton, & c.
shillings&
six
forty nine [ pounds]
of his assistant for making a survey&
who had served as a tutor to the children of Mann Page of Rosewell,
later became
professor of mathematics at the College of William and Mary. In February 1776 he drew plans for a
boat for the state and as mentioned above, he made plans for military posts on the peninsula. He
later served on the commission to define the Pennsylvania- Virginia line and he also served in the
General
Assembly.
He died in
Williamsburg
in 1804.
F
�July
25- 31,
1976
July 24, 1776
The Council was still involved at this time in preparing the Palace and its grounds for the
reception of Patrick Henry, the new governor. The house had already been refurnished and now
the governor wanted to remove some agencies that had occupied the outbuildings.
to
Ordered, That the Commanding Officer at this Station be requested to order the Quarter Master,
remove the Waggons,
Horses& c. from the Palace as soon as possible and that he finish without
delay the Fence agreed by the Governor to be the division of the Park between that part wanted for
his own use and that allotted for the use of the Public supposed to contain two hundred Acres of
Land.
Ordered, That the Commanding Officer at this Station be requested to give orders to the
Commissary of Provisions immediately to remove himself and Effects from the Palace and that he
clean out, and leave the Houses in the same condition in which they were, at the Time of his taking
possession of them.
July 25, 1776
July 22 the Council ordered: " That the Declaration of Independence be solemnly proclaimed
at four oClock in the afternoon on Thursday next at the Capitol in the City of Williamsburg also at
and at the Palace." The mayor of Williamsburg was requested that the
the Court of Hustings,
On
corporation " give their attendance."
On July 26 the Virginia Gazette reported:
Yesterday afternoon, agreeable to an order of the Hon. Privy Council, the DECLARATION of
INDEPENDENCE
was solemnly proclaimed at the Capitol, the Courthouse,
and the Palace,
amidst the acclamations of the people, accompanied by firing of cannon and musketry, the several
regiments of continental
troops having been paraded on that solemnity.
Many years later a veteran recalled: " In July 1776 the regiment marched to Williamsburg where
the Declaration of Independence was read to the troops by Benjamin Waller, Clerk of the General
Court."
Compiled by Harold B. Gill, Jr.
Pt
The Colonial
r
ri
Williamsburg
Foundation
�
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
These Boisterous Times
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Colonial Williamsburg Foundation
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Colonial Williamsburg Foundation
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1976
Description
An account of the resource
“<em>These Boisterous Times…</em>” The Week in ’76 was a newsletter produced by the Colonial Williamsburg Department of Preservation and Research in 1976. Compiled by historian Harold Gill, the newsletter consisted of notable entries from the Virginia Gazette newspaper dated 1776 along with some additional historical background of the mentioned event or person. The newsletter was intended to assist Colonial Williamsburg’s interpreters with adding additional emphasis to events associated with 1776 during the celebration of the American Revolution Bicentennial (United States Bicentennial) in 1976.
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
These Boisterous Times July 18-31
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Colonial Williamsburg Foundation
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Colonial Williamsburg Foundation
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1976-07-31
-
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f2ca8b70e200ba5b13a29a2b61ffa31a
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Text
0-111 c, 1, ,,.
Pr...,t o
tt„--, 13- ue-tz.
Q,
0.,_.- .
,
air
liir
li
li
These BoisterousTes.
l
halrbiI
r,
EEK N 76 ...
THE
Alexander
Purdie, Virginia Gazette,
January
July
1,
1-
1776
1976
JULY
July
1,
ZcH,
Pi-
10,
1976
Fs
ntCCP O
1776
COopy
g
h
On
June
29 the Convention elected Patrick
Henry
governor,
and
July
on
1
the Convention
I,
w1L
p
resolved:
That the former resolution of this Convention for appropriating the Palace, and as many of the out
buildings
as
might
be necessary for
the
purpose of
a
public Hospital,
be
now
rescinded;
and that the
committee appointed to notify the Governour his appointment do also inform him, the Convention
desire he will make the same his place of residence.
On Friday, July 5, 1776, the Convention appropriated .E1, 000 to purchase furniture for the
Palace. The furniture " belonging to the country" already in the Palace was to be appraised and
deducted from the 21, 000. Some furniture was purchased from citizens such as William Byrd and
other pieces from Richard Booker and Benjamin Bucktrout, local cabinetmakers. James Honey,
another Williamsburg cabinetmaker, was paid for repairing furniture in the Palace..
July 5, 1776
On this day the Committee of Safety was dissolved and the Convention adjourned until October
1776, when the first General Assembly under the new constitution convened. The last act of the
Convention was to accept the report of the " committee appointed to devise a proper seal for this
Commonwealth":
TO BE ENGRAVED
ON THE GREAT
SEAL
VIRTUS, the genius of the commonwealth, dressed like an Amazon, resting on a spear with one
hand, and holding a sword in the other, and treading on TYRANNY, represented by a man
prostrate, a crown fallen from his head, a broken chain in his left hand, and a scourge in his right.
In the exergon,
the word VIRGINIA over the head of VIRTUS: and underneath the words Sic
semper tyrannuis. On the reverse, a groupe. LIBERTAS, with her wand and pileus. On one side of
her CERES, with the cornucopia in one hand, and an ear of wheat in the other. On the other side
AETERNITAS,
with the glove and phoenix.
In the exergon, these words: Deus Nobis Haec Otia
Fecit.
Richard Henry Lee wrote from Williamsburg on July 6 that " A new Great Seal, adapted to our
State is ordered to be made, and now, we have in all respects a full and free Government which this
day begins the exercise of its powers."
July 6, 1776
Patrick Henry was inaugurated as the first governor of the Commonwealth of Virginia. Henry
was so ill at the time that John Page, a member of the Council, was worried that Henry might die
before he could be given the oath of office. If that happened, then there would be no executive
authority because the members of the Council could not legally act until they had received their
oaths of office from the governor. Page wrote Thomas Jefferson:
The Post being about to set out in a few Hours, in which Time I am to wait on our new Governor to
administer to him the Oaths, to be qualified by him to act in my new Department,
some
public Business
of Importance.
and to dispatch
PAMPHLET FILE
�I must immediately attend the Governour, who is very ill. If he should die before we have
and chosen a President the Country will be without any head— every
onlusion. But four of our Board are in Town, who cannot chuse a President.
qualified
Thing must be in
John Page was elected president of the Council and actually served as chief executive during
Henrys absence because of sickness. Henry did not attend the council until September 17, 1776.
July 9, 1776
Virginia troops commanded by General Andrew Lewis drove Lord Dunmore and his hand of
followers
Drubbing.
from Gwynn'
The
Fleet
s
Island.
John
Page
bragged: "
Ld.
Dunmore
left 7 fine Cables and Anchors worth
at
has
had a most compleat
least £ 1200, three of their Tenders
compleatly furnished fell into our Hands."
For the next month Dunmore' s fleet cruised the Potomac River, burning one plantation and
terrorizing the area in search of water and provisions. Dunmore left Virginia for New York on
August 5.
July 11- 17, 1976
July 14, 1776
Strayed. or Stolen, from the Subscriber, a likely bald- faced sorrel Horse, with a short Switch Tail
and Mane, one fore and one hind Leg a little white, branded on the near Buttock TN, his breast
marked by going in a Gear, trots and canters. Whoever brings the said Horse to me, opposite Mr.
Gabriel Maupin' s, shall have Twenty Shilings Reward.
Morto Brien.
Morto Brien was a chandler and soapmaker who moved to Williamsburg after the destruction of
Norfolk, where he had been in business for a long time. On July 26 he announced that he intended
to carry on his trade in Williamsburg:
The Subscriber ( lately from Norfolk) begs leave to inform the publick, that he has erected a
manufactory of SOAP and CANDLES in this city, and intends carrying on his business in the best
manner. He will give 7d. halfpenny a pound for tallow, 10d. for myrtle wax, 2s. 6d. for picked
cotton, and Is. for tow wick; for wood ashes 7d. half peny per bushel, and Is. 3d. for tobacco ashes.
He begs the inhabitants
in and about the city to be careful of their ashes, as he shall be able to
supply them with good soap cheaper than they can make it in their families.
Compiled by Harold B. Gill, Jr.
to •
The Colonial
Williamsburg
Foundation
�
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
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These Boisterous Times
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Colonial Williamsburg Foundation
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Colonial Williamsburg Foundation
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1976
Description
An account of the resource
“<em>These Boisterous Times…</em>” The Week in ’76 was a newsletter produced by the Colonial Williamsburg Department of Preservation and Research in 1976. Compiled by historian Harold Gill, the newsletter consisted of notable entries from the Virginia Gazette newspaper dated 1776 along with some additional historical background of the mentioned event or person. The newsletter was intended to assist Colonial Williamsburg’s interpreters with adding additional emphasis to events associated with 1776 during the celebration of the American Revolution Bicentennial (United States Bicentennial) in 1976.
Dublin Core
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Title
A name given to the resource
These Boisterous Times July 1-17, 1976
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Colonial Williamsburg Foundation
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Colonial Williamsburg Foundation
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1976-07-17
-
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ba70556e5c94295b9a8940e0a099bb69
PDF Text
Text
I
1
1
hioI
These BoisterouTimes..
.
s
r41-1111
THE
flo.
EE
I
i. .
A.,..
7
Alexander Purdie, Virginia Gazette.
January 1, 1776
FCHrt, `
JUNI: 1976
EC
D •
COPY ,
June
June
21,
20- 26, 1976
q
1776
Wanted, for the use of the Continental Hospital in Virginia, a quantity of Old Linen proper to make
lint and bandages. All persons who have any such to dispose of are desired to apply to the
subscriber, in Williamsburg.
William Rickman.
William Rickman, a former surgeon on a British man- of-war, settled in Charles City County
about 1770. He married Betsey Harrison, daughter of Benjamin Harrison of Berkeley, in 1775.
Possibly through the influence of his father- in- law, the Continental Congress elected Rickman
director and chief physician" of the Continental Hospital in Virginia on May 18, 1776. Dr.
Rickman immediately set up his headquarters in Williamsburg and in October 1776 announced in
the Virginia Gazette that the construction of the Continental hospital near Williamsburg would be
let to the lowest bidder."
In December 1777 Dr. Rickman was accused by several Virginia and North Carolina officers of
negligence "
Alexandria."
in not giving proper attendance to the officers and soldiers under inoculation at
Congress suspended the doctor and ordered him to answer the complaints before the
Medical Committee. The Committee found Rickman entirely innocent of the charges, and he was
ordered back to his post.
Dr. Rickman resigned his position in 1780 and returned to his estate, Millford, in Charles City
County. He died there in 1781.
June 25, 1776
The Commissioners appointed by Convention to lease the Lands of Lord Dunmore within the
County of York, and to sell his Slaves and personal Estate within this City, and the Neighbourhood
thereof, will, at the Palace, on Tuesday the 25th Instant, proceed to expose the said Slaves and
personal Estate to Sale, by Way of Auction; the Purchasers to be allowed a Year' s Credit on giving
Bond and Security. They also give Notice, that they will attend at Porto Bello on Monday the first
Day of the next Month, at 10 o' clock in the Morning, to execute the other Part of their Commission.
On June 15, 1776, the Convention, meeting in Williamsburg, appointed Thomas Everard,
Robert Prentis, Edmund Randolph, John Blair, and James Cocke commisioners to sell Lord
Dunmore' s personal property and rent his real estate in the Williamsburg area. The money arising
from the transactions went to the state treasury.
Porto Bello was an estate on Queen' s Creek, York County, acquired by Dunmore in 1773. The
farm was rented by the Commissioners to Dr. James Carter of Williamsburg, who in turn rented it
to the state to be used as a military hospital. The house at Porto Bello was destroyed by fire in 1915.
The
site
is
on
the
Camp Peary
property.
o
�June
June
27- 30, 1976
1776
28,
John Moody, smith and farrier, from Philadelphia, but late from Norfolk, begs leave to inform the
publick, that he has opened shop in this city, opposite to mr. Charles Taliaferro' s, near the church,
where he professes to shoe horses in all the different methods practised in Europe and America, and
cures them of most prevailing disorders. He also undertakes smiths work in general, for all kinds of
carriages,
favour
house work,
farmers
work,
edge
tools, &
c. and shall be much obliged to all those who
him with their custom.
After the destruction of the city in January 1776, many Norfolk craftsmen tried to reestablish
their businesses farther from the coast. John Moody settled in Williamsburg possibly on the site of
the present Armistead House next to Bruton Parish Church. The business prospered and when he
died in 1779, Moody' s personal estate sold for over . E1, 300.
June 29, 1776
After a little more than a month' s debate the Virginia Convention adopted a constitution for the
The task of preparing a constitution was entrusted to the same committee that
commonwealth.
new
had drawn up the Declaration of Rights. On May 24 Edmund Pendleton, who was not a member of
the committee, wrote Thomas Jefferson that " the Political Cooks are busy in preparing the dish."
Jefferson, at the Continental Congress, thought that a special convention should write the constitution. He sent several drafts that arrived too late but were of influence in the preamble and the
sections on the judiciary and western lands. George Mason submitted his draft of a plan of government in mid-June. It underwent a few changes, but most of Mason' s ideas were retained when the
convention gave its unanimous approval to the document on June 29.
The Constitution established a republican government for Virginia, composed of a governor with
little power elected annually by the legislature, an executive council, a bicameral legislature, and a
separate judiciary.
The Convention immediately set out to elect a governor. Patrick Henry was elected with 60
votes. Thomas Nelson received 45 votes, and John Page 1.
Compiled
by
Harold B. Gill, Jr.
�
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
These Boisterous Times
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Colonial Williamsburg Foundation
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Colonial Williamsburg Foundation
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1976
Description
An account of the resource
“<em>These Boisterous Times…</em>” The Week in ’76 was a newsletter produced by the Colonial Williamsburg Department of Preservation and Research in 1976. Compiled by historian Harold Gill, the newsletter consisted of notable entries from the Virginia Gazette newspaper dated 1776 along with some additional historical background of the mentioned event or person. The newsletter was intended to assist Colonial Williamsburg’s interpreters with adding additional emphasis to events associated with 1776 during the celebration of the American Revolution Bicentennial (United States Bicentennial) in 1976.
Dublin Core
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Title
A name given to the resource
These Boisterous Times June 20-30
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Colonial Williamsburg Foundation
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Colonial Williamsburg Foundation
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1976-06-30
-
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4d8c1ce20dc2d0e258b093c727cda4d1
PDF Text
Text
ram!-
i
i
1
neseBo seer
1*
Y•
Il
Iv`
p
i
THE
roc,
r_
0. 15,..--_,
1
Ale
K__
9
.
i 4 ,
6 :_
2- N .
6-_:
7,
Alexander Purdie, Virginia Gazett
January 1, 1776
I
JUNE 1976
June
1- 5,
Pic"
1976
REr .,
n
o
I
1,
1.,
1776
7d'
willgive
College
or
per
Capitol
lb. for Bacon, and 4 1. per Barrel for Pork, delivered
and 6d'
per lb. for Bacon delivered any
Landings;
provided I have 2000 Weight delivered at any
these prices till I give Notice to the Contrary in the Gazette.
Williamsburg,
one
in
Place.
I shall
continue
to
with suppliers for beef, pork, and flour to be delivered at Williamsburg to supply the large number
of troops stationed there. Hawkins performed his work so well that in April 1778 he was appointed
heard of
the
appointment
he
wrote: "
I
have heard so good an account of his Character that I hope the most salutary effects will ensue."
Unfortunately, Hawkins died in May, within a month of his appointment. Jefferson believed that no
man
with Hawkins'
s abilities
could be found. He
wrote: "
His eye immediately pervaded the whole
state, it was reduced at once to a regular machine, to a system, and the whole put into movement
and animation by the fiat of a comprehensive
mind."
June 6- 12, 1976
June 7, 1776
Now selling by the subscriber, in Williamsburg, for ready money, at the corner store of doctor
William Carter' s brick house, the following articles, viz. Rum, geneva, cordials of different sorts,
Philadelphia
coarse
steel, sole leather, calf skins, fine and coarse hats, fine and coarse linens, brown do.
woolen
cloths,
and coffee.
Adam Ekart.
Dr. William Carter usually rented to shop- keepers the eastern room of his house, now called the
Brick House Tavern, on Duke of Gloucester Street. In 1771 a milliner, Margaret Hunter, rented
the space, and it was later occupied by James Nichols, wigmaker. Thomas Brend, bookbinder and
stationer, operated his shop in the corner store in 1780. Adam Ekart, a merchant, rented the store
for several years. Ekart was one of many people who suddenly appear in the local records and
disappear just as suddenly. The advertisement above is the only record of Ekart in Williamsburg.
He died in Loudoun County in 1792.
Dr. William Carter was the brother of John Carter, who owned a store next to the Raleigh
Tavern, and of Dr. James Carter, who operated an apothecary shop at the sign of the " Unicorn' s
Horn."
They were the sons of John Carter, keeper of the public jail in Williamsburg. William
Carter died in Richmond in 1799.
June
12,
1776
The Convention meeting in Williamsburg passed the first Declaration of Rights in America. The
sixteen-part declaration was essentially the work of George Mason. The declaration was the model
for
other
such documents,
including
the
first
ten
amendments to
the
,
9@
PAMPHLET FILE
give
The Virginia Committee of Safety appointed John Hawkins commissary of provisions for the
Washington
_
or at the
Williamsburg,
where within 100 miles of
Virginia troops in September 1775. He traveled about the state in October 1775 and contracted
for the Continental Army. When
CO? Ya.
w'
John Hawkins.
commissary
•
e
o
June
i
United States
Constitution.
�June 13- 19, 1976
June 14, 1776
Honey& Harrocks, cabinetmakers, Williamsburg, beg leave to acquaint the publick, that they carry
on the said business in all its branches; they likewise make Flax Wheels and Check Reels, and also
Stock Guns in the neatest manner. As materials cannot be procured at this time upon credit, they
expect ready money for their work.
Good encouragement will be given to a couple of Journeymen, who will be liked the better if
they are acquainted with Turning. An Apprentice is also wanted.
James Honey and Richard Harrocks established their cabinetmaking business in Williamsburg in
1776. During the Revolution they repaired furniture in the Governor' s Palace and provided cabinet
work for some of the state' s naval vessels. The business prospered. In August 1776 Honey and
Harrocks again advertised for journeymen cabinetmakers and" likewise three or four Journeymen
who
are
acquainted
with making
Flax
Wheels."
After the Revolution
Harrocks disappeared
from
the records, but Honey announced in 1782 that he had " on hand a large quantity of Mahogany,
Walnut, and
other
materials,
fit for carrying
on
his business
more
extensively
than
ever."
James
Honey died in Williamsburg in 1787.
Compiled by Harold B. Gill, Jr.
Colonial
Williamsburg
Foundation
�
Dublin Core
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Title
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These Boisterous Times
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Colonial Williamsburg Foundation
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Colonial Williamsburg Foundation
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1976
Description
An account of the resource
“<em>These Boisterous Times…</em>” The Week in ’76 was a newsletter produced by the Colonial Williamsburg Department of Preservation and Research in 1976. Compiled by historian Harold Gill, the newsletter consisted of notable entries from the Virginia Gazette newspaper dated 1776 along with some additional historical background of the mentioned event or person. The newsletter was intended to assist Colonial Williamsburg’s interpreters with adding additional emphasis to events associated with 1776 during the celebration of the American Revolution Bicentennial (United States Bicentennial) in 1976.
Dublin Core
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Title
A name given to the resource
These Boisterous Times June 1-19, 1976
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Colonial Williamsburg Foundation
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Colonial Williamsburg Foundation
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1976-06-19
-
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ceb1f5da171cf0aa2958fa01e787adfa
PDF Text
Text
3/%
I. _ ,
6-r-
I
l
These Boisterous Times.. .
ipI
76,
I
THE
lib
t'
Alexander Purdie, Virginia Gazette,
January
May
1, 1776
Pct
16- 22, 1976
c",
VFs
e
May
17,
1776
PEC'
I,
G
v
GOY
9`
The Virginia Gazette reported
Resolution for Independence
following day.
of the Convention
the proceedings
along with a description
May 15 and printed the
of the celebration in Williamsburg the
on
PAMPHLET FILE
In consequence of the above resolution, universally regarded as the only door which will lead to
safety and prosperity, some gentlemen made a handsome collection for the purpose of treating the
soldiery, who next day [ May 16th] were paraded in Waller' s Grove, before brigadier- general
Lewis, attended by the gentlemen of the Committee of Safety, the members of the General
Convention,
the inhabitants of this city, etc. etc. The resolution being read aloud to the army, the
following toasts were given, each of them accompanied by a discharge of the artillery and small
arms, and the acclamations of all present:
1.
The American
2.
The Grand Congress of the United States, and their respective
3.
General Washington,
independent
states.
legislatures
and victory to the American arms.
The Union Flag of the American states waved upon the Capitol during the whole of this
ceremony, which being ended, the soldiers partook of the refreshment prepared for them by the
affection of their countrymen, and the evening concluded with illuminations and other demonstrations of joy; every one seeming pleased that the domination of Great Britain was now at an end, so
wickedly and tyrannically exercised for these twelve or thirteen years past, notwithstanding our
repeated prayers and remonstrances for redress.
On March 16, 1776, the Continental Congress recommended that May 17 be" a day of humiliation, fasting, and prayer" because of" impending calamity and distress" due to the" warlike preparations of the British Ministry to subvert our invaluable rights and priviledges, and to reduce us by
fire and sword, by the savages of the wilderness, and to our own domestics, to the most adject and
ignominious
bondage."
Congress suggested that " Christians of all demoninations, to assemble for
public worship, and abstain from servile labour on the said day."
The day was marked in Williamsburg with a church service where the Reverend Thomas Price,
chaplin
to the Convention, " delivered an excellent sermon . . .
to a very crowded audience."
On the May 17, 1776, issue of his Virginia Gazette Alexander Purdie removed the colonial seal
from the masthead and replaced it with
we
stand—
the
words: "
THIRTEEN
UNITED
COLONIES.
United,
Divided we fall."
May
23- 29, 1976
May 25, 1776
Four very stout, good MULES to be sold, or exchanged for able Plough Horses or Mares, that will
suit the Mountain Lands. Inquire of Mr. William Russell.
While mules were not widely used by Virginia planters in the eighteenth century there were
some in the colony. Charles Carter of Cleve owned eight mules in 1764, and in 1767 a stray mule
was found on Jamestown Island. Landon Carter watched his mules work" as if nature had intended
they should
be for labour."
wiLL.%-
In
1775 Theodorick
Bland of Prince
George
County
imported
from
�Midas, a remarkable large jack ass,"
noted for" the size and strength of the mules he gets."
William Russell, a bookkeeper and clerk, lived in Williamsburg next door to the Margaret
Malta"
Hunter shop. In 1778 he prepared the public accounts for the state and served as clerk to several
committees of the House of Delegates as well as clerk to the Board of Trade and from 1786 to 1803
he was clerk of the Public Hospital.
May 30-
31,
1976
Any young, healthy, and strong man, not under 5 feet 7 inches high, that is free and willing to enlist
as a MATROSS in my company of artillery, will please to repair to my quarters in Williamsburg,
where he will he kindly received, have 3 1. advance money paid to him, besides new clothes, and 2
s. per day, for one, two, or more years, if not sooner discharged.
God save the Congress
Dohicky Arundel
Dohicky Arundel was appointed captain of a company of continental artillery stationed in
Williamsburg in March 1776. The company' s first action was at Gwynn' s Island in July 1776;
Captain Arundel was killed by a bursting mortar. He was the only man lost during the battle of the
patriot forces.
A matross was a soldier next in rank below a gunner who acted as the gunner' s assistant. The
position required strength because of the heavy equipment associated with artillery. Captain
Arundel wanted men of over average size for his company. The average height of soldiers recruited
at Chesterfield
Court
House
in 1780
was
slightly
over
5 feet 7 inches—
less than one inch shorter
than the average American recruit in 1758.
Compiled by Harold B. Gill, Jr.
r41169Pit
Colonial
Williamsburg
Foundation
�
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
These Boisterous Times
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Colonial Williamsburg Foundation
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Colonial Williamsburg Foundation
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1976
Description
An account of the resource
“<em>These Boisterous Times…</em>” The Week in ’76 was a newsletter produced by the Colonial Williamsburg Department of Preservation and Research in 1976. Compiled by historian Harold Gill, the newsletter consisted of notable entries from the Virginia Gazette newspaper dated 1776 along with some additional historical background of the mentioned event or person. The newsletter was intended to assist Colonial Williamsburg’s interpreters with adding additional emphasis to events associated with 1776 during the celebration of the American Revolution Bicentennial (United States Bicentennial) in 1976.
Dublin Core
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Title
A name given to the resource
These Boisterous Times May 16-31, 1976
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Colonial Williamsburg Foundation
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Colonial Williamsburg Foundation
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1976-05-31
-
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72c741bcc6a8f8ddbca647b6bafcb25e
PDF Text
Text
3.
M '
i
04.
rb.
-.
6 c
li
These 11ozsterousTies.. .
1
1.
1
1.
II,
...,,,,.
tot„,....-*
IT
6•
Alexander
Purdie,
Virginia
gralini""
Gazette,
P0CHIle
T.
MAY 1976
May
May
1-
8, 1976
o
RECORD
COPY .
y
1%
6, 1776
wIL- 0'
The fifth Virginia Convention met at the Capitol in Williamsburg on May 6 and elected Edmund
Pendleton
president.
One of the
most
important legislative
assemblies
in
Virginia'
s
history,
the
Convention ordered the colony' s delegates to the Continental Congress to recommend that
Congress " declare
the United Colonies free and independent
states."
Virginia was the first colony
to direct its representatives to take the initiative in introducing a resolution for independence. On
June 12 the Convention also adopted the Declaration of Rights, which contains ringing statements
of individual liberty and of the right of self-government. Drafted by George Mason, the Virginia
Declaration influenced similar constitutional provisions in other states and the Bill of Rights of the
United States Constitution. It also influenced the Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the
Citizen in the early days of the French Revolution and was a partial basis for the Statement on
Human Rights appended
to the charter of the United
Nations.
In addition, the Convention took the risky step on June 29 of declaring Virginia independent of
Great Britain before the Continental Congress voted on the question of independence.
May
May
11,
15,
9-
1976
1776
Williamsburg, May 11, 1776
All Persons in my Debt, for Shaving, Dressing, etc. contracted before I entered into Partnership
with Mr. Wylie, are once more requested to discharge
their Accounts ( some of which have been
standing for Years) that I may be enabled to pay those Debts which I have been under a Necessity of
contracting for the Support of my Family through their Neglect. If this Application proves
ineffectual, and the Law should not be open to force Compliance, those who are deficient will have
their Names exposed in the Gazette. Gentlemen who pay me punctually may rely on my constant
Attendance, and utmost Endeavours to give Satisfaction; others can expect no more of my Services.
George Lafong
George
Lafong,
a "
French
Hair- Dresser,"
was a long- time resident of Williamsburg where he
owned a thriving wigmaking, hair dressing, and barbering business, which he claimed to carry on
in the cheapest
manner,
and TOUT A LA MODE."
He could count among his customers George
Washington, Thomas Jefferson, and Nathaniel Burwell of Carter' s Grove. In order to" carry on the
Business
possess"
more
great
extensively,"
abilities
Lafong formed a partnership with Alexander Wylie, who claimed to
Dressing." Lafong' s threat to expose those who failed to pay their
in Hair-
debts must have worked because no such announcement
appeared in the Virginia Gazette.
During the Revolution Lafong acted as interpreter in several court- martial cases and for the
governor. He died a pauper in 1799.
To be SOLD by the Subscriber, at his Store in Williamsburg, the following Articles, for ready
Money only. Broadcloths, Thread and Silk Breeches Patterns, black Silk Lasting, Serge Dusoy,
Damascus,
Loretto,
Tobine,
India
Persians,
Lustrings,
Muslins,
Gauze,
Cambrick,
Lawn
and
Gauze Handkerchiefs and Aprons, black Minionet and Blond Lace, Ditto lace Hats, plain Ditto,
Women's Hats and Bonnets, Gloves, Ribands, Fans, Necklaces, Cap Wire, Paste Combs, gilt Shoe
and Knee Buckles, large Dressing Glasses, black Walnut Tea Chests. Do. Candlesticks, Japan
Waiters,
painted Chimney
and
Table
Covers,
Decanters,
Wine
Glasses,
Stands
and
Castors,
PAMPHLET FILE
�Ticklers; Window Glass, Spanish Brown, red and white Lead, Saws, Scythes, Two-Shilling Nails, a
Variety of China Cups, Saucers, and Teapots, Guns and Gun Locks, a large Quantity of Grubbing
and Hilling Hoes, broad and narrow Axes, Steelyards of all Sizes, Dutch Ovens, Brass and Iron
Skillets, Tea Kitchens and Kettles, Sheep and Tailors Shears, Scissors, Razor Straps, Combs, Fish
Hooks, Cork Screws, Shoemakers and Saddlers Tools, Saddles,
of other Articles too tedious to enumerate.
Bridles, and a considerable
Number
William
Pitt
William Pitt was the son of Dr. George Pitt, a merchant and apothecary in Williamsburg at the
Sign of the Rhinoceros.
Dr. Pitt also served as keeper of the Public Magazine.
In 1776 Dr. Pitt,
loyal to the king, returned to England with one of his sons. William remained in Williamsburg and
continued his father' s mercantile business. He later moved to a plantation, Lilliput, about four
miles from Williamsburg, where he conducted a boarding school. He died there in 1786.
May 15, 1776
The Virginia Convention unanimously adopted a resolution instructing the colony' s delegates in
Congress
to introduce
a motion
for independence.
Resolved unanimously, The delegates appointed to represent this colony in General Congress be
instructed to propose to that respectable body to declare the United Colonies free and independent
states, absolved from all allegiance to, or dependence upon, the crown or parliament of Great
Britain; and that they give the assent of this colony to such declaration, and to whatever measures
may be thought proper and necessary by the Congress for forming foreign alliances, and a confederation of the colonies, at such time, and in the manner, as to them shall seem best: Provided, that the
power of forming government for, and the regulations of the internal concerns of each colony, be left
to the respective
colonial
legislatures.
Compiled by Harold B. Gill, Jr.
Colonial
Williamsburg
Foundation
�
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Title
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These Boisterous Times
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Colonial Williamsburg Foundation
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Colonial Williamsburg Foundation
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1976
Description
An account of the resource
“<em>These Boisterous Times…</em>” The Week in ’76 was a newsletter produced by the Colonial Williamsburg Department of Preservation and Research in 1976. Compiled by historian Harold Gill, the newsletter consisted of notable entries from the Virginia Gazette newspaper dated 1776 along with some additional historical background of the mentioned event or person. The newsletter was intended to assist Colonial Williamsburg’s interpreters with adding additional emphasis to events associated with 1776 during the celebration of the American Revolution Bicentennial (United States Bicentennial) in 1976.
Dublin Core
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Title
A name given to the resource
These Boisterous Times May 1-16, 1976
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Colonial Williamsburg Foundation
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Colonial Williamsburg Foundation
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1976-05-16
-
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853ae66dc2a66904acab56829d70e544
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Text
ekJ,
itieseiioisteroiisIJmes.. .
ILIIIII
i
THEI.•76
Alexander
Purdie, Virginia Gazette,
January 1, 1776
APRIL
1976
RE6ORD
April 18- 24, 1976
t
April 19, 1776
COPY
wIL
,'
M r. Purdie,
The impositions
and
exactions
on
the
publick by
the
TAVERN- KEEPERS
in
this colony
in
PAMPHLET
general, as well as in Williamsburg, is so exorbitant, as to call for some mode of redress by those to
whom that power belongs. No colony on this continent is allowed greater profit on vending and
retailing provision than this, but that does not satisfy the voracious publican. By the law, the courts
settle the rates of provision, etc. which is to be put up in the tavern. This is neglected, the better to
facilitate the design; and, countenanced by those whose duty it is to detect such proceedings, by
paying every unjust charge in the tavern-keeper' s bill (from a mistaken notion that it is below the
dignity of a gentleman to contest small accounts) they go on with impunity. It is hoped, therefore,
that all tavern- keepers will immediately put up the rates allowed by the court in the most conspic-
uous part of the tavern, or be punished for such neglect.
I am, sir,
An ENEMY
to IMPOSITIONS
Colonial law required county courts to fix annually prices of" liquors, diet, lodging, provender,
stablage, fodder, and pasturage" that ordinary- or tavern- keepers could charge. The law required
ordinary-keepers to obtain copies of the rates " which shall be openly set up in the publick enterOccasionally the law was disregarded.
The complaint of the " Enemy to Impositions" probably resulted from the fact that the York
taining
room."
County Court did not fix ordinary rates in March 1776 as was the usual practice. The justices of
York County evidently thought that the colonial law no longer applied, and they did not set rates
again until 1780 after a new law was passed.
April 25- 30, 1976
April 26, 1776
April 26.
Mr. Purdie,
In these distressed times, in which our American rights, both civil and religious, are invaded, it is
well to adopt that late maxim among politicians," United we stand, divided we fall." To this end, the
dissenters( equally attached to America' s liberty) ought to petition their rulers for the removal of that
yoke, that in these scarce times is become more grievous, in paying the established clergy. and
being still obliged to have the solemnization of matrimony by them. A word to the wise is enough.
A Dissenter from the Church of England.
Even though dissenters from the Established Church in Virginia were allowed to attend their
own services, the colonial government required them to pay taxes for the maintenance of the
Established Church. In December the Assembly passed an act to exempt dissenters from con-
tributing to the support of the Church of England. It was offered as a compromise after Jefferson' s
proposal to disestablish the church completely. Ten years later Jefferson' s famous Bill for Religious
Freedom
finally
became law in Virginia.
FILE
�On April 26, 1776, John Page, vice-president of the Virginia Committee of Safety, wrote Thomas
Jefferson:
Would you believe it, that we have not yet erected one Powder Mill at the public Expence. . .
and I have not been able to procure the least Assistance from the Committee for Bucktrout' s handMill,
except
their
selling him
about
400 lb.
of
Salt- petre . . .
although his Mill is an elegant
Machine and 2 Men can work it with ease, beating with 6 Pestles weighing 60 lbs. each in Mortars
containing 20 lbs. of Paste, and he has actually beat 120 lb. of Powder in them and grained 40 lb.
which has been used in proving Cannon etc. and which was found to be strong and good under every
disadvantage of want of Sieves and being made with bad Sulphur and Nitre. And he has been at great
pains in erecting his Mill and Apparatus for it, and for a Salt- petre work with it, yet the Committee
of Safety refused any Motion to allow him 30 or 40 pounds as a Reward for his public Spirit and
Ingenuity and to enable him to go on with his Plan.
Benjamin Bucktrout, an enterprising cabinetmaker, lived on Francis Street and engaged in a
variety of businesses. He not only worked as a cabinetmaker but also as a paper hanger, retail
merchant, and during the Revolution he was purveyor for the State Military Hospital in Williams-
burg. Bucktrout's versatility was not unusual among Virginia craftsmen. Because of the scarcity of
skilled workers in colonial Virginia, most craftsmen worked in every field in which they had some
talents. The demands of the public did not allow them to specialize. Some craftsmen, too
ambitious, became over-extended, but others were better managers and accumulated substantial
estates.
Although he engaged in a variety of businesses, Bucktrout was a successful manager. Character-
istically, he saw that gunpowder would be in short supply because trade with Britain was cut off and
he set out to construct a powder mill in Williamsburg. The state government did not support his
mill and because it was difficult to obtain sulfur and saltpeter, his mill probably did not prosper.
Colonial
Williamsburg
Foundation
�
Dublin Core
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Title
A name given to the resource
These Boisterous Times
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Colonial Williamsburg Foundation
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Colonial Williamsburg Foundation
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1976
Description
An account of the resource
“<em>These Boisterous Times…</em>” The Week in ’76 was a newsletter produced by the Colonial Williamsburg Department of Preservation and Research in 1976. Compiled by historian Harold Gill, the newsletter consisted of notable entries from the Virginia Gazette newspaper dated 1776 along with some additional historical background of the mentioned event or person. The newsletter was intended to assist Colonial Williamsburg’s interpreters with adding additional emphasis to events associated with 1776 during the celebration of the American Revolution Bicentennial (United States Bicentennial) in 1976.
Dublin Core
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Title
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These Boisterous Times April 18-30, 1976
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Colonial Williamsburg Foundation
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Colonial Williamsburg Foundation
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1976-04-30
-
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784eb7e1abce5a65d65f472ec2c61bf8
PDF Text
Text
iiimir
l
twos"
7h
Times.. ."
p11,,
... TH6
I
7
romerE
s
_
uci
10, .
6:_
Alexander
Purdie,
Virginia
Gazette,
January 1, 1776
olcHrt,ss
APRIL 1976
n Rf CORD •
April 1- 10, 1976
April
1,
o
1776
Williamsburg,
April 6
On Monday last Edmund Randolph, Esq; was elected to represent this city in Convention, in the
0
Corr
1.\
Mg LOP'
ram
room of George Wythe, Esq; one of our Delegates at the Congress.
PAMPHLET PILE
This notice in the Virginia Gazette provides an interesting insight on the electorate of Williams-
burg during the unsettled times at the beginning of the Revolution. It is significant that the voters
chose the twenty- three- year- old Randolph to replace George Wythe as Williamsburg' s representative in the Convention.
Wythe, fifty years old in 1776, had served as mayor of Williamsburg, as clerk and member of the
House of Burgesses, and as a delegate to the Continental Congress. His outstanding abilities were
widely recognized.
Wythe' s replacement in the Convention was a young man of little experience in government, but
the voters of the city must have recognized his capabilities. Edmund Randolph' s father, John,
attorney general of Virginia, remained loyal to the king and left the colony in 1775. Edmund feared
that the loyalism
countrymen
of his father would"
tend to lessen him in
the
esteem
of his
countrymen."
But his
recognized his abilities and, convinced of his patriotism, started him on a successful
governmental career. With the establishment of the state government in June 1776, Randolph was
appointed attorney general, a position for which he was well-qualified since he had studied with his
father. He went on to become governor of Virginia, the first attorney general of the United States,
and succeeded Jefferson as secretary of State in 1794.
April 5, 1776
Any person in or about this city who will undertake to pasture for a gentleman in the lower parts of
the county, about to move higher up, upwards of 200 head of CATTLE, of all sorts, and to sell out of
the stock, next summer and fall, what may be fit for market, is desired to lodge his terms with the
PRINTER.
At this time many people who owned plantations adjacent to navigable waters moved further
inland because of the danger of raids by the British. Virginia had no navy and the British men- of
war had free run of the Chesapeake Bay and the rivers.
The person who inserted the above advertisement in the Virginia Gazette was trying to avoid
driving his herd to his new home, because he would have to drive them back to Williamsburg when
they reached a marketable stage. Demands on the Williamsburg livestock market, always active,
greatly increased when the town became the military headquarters for the Virginia force.
Williamsburg, April 12, 1776
Taken out of a drawer in my store, on Sunday the 24th of March, a red morocco instrument case,
with a plain lock, containing upwards of 2001. paper currency, many of the bills marked on the back
with the number of pounds, also a promissory note ofJohn Hatley Norton, esgr's, for 1501. sterling,
a bond filled up in James Pride' s name, for 181 1. 1 s. 6 d. with sundry other papers. Whoever will
deliver the said instrument[ case] and contents safe to me shall have a reward of 40 dollars, and 101.
on conviction of the thief. Col. Mason, col. Blackburn, mr. David Ross, and mr. Robert Matthews,
will greatly oblige me by informing me of the numbers of the 21 1. and 8 1. bills I received from
them.
M. Dickinson.
N. B. I have a couple of Young Negroes to dispose of, a boy and a girl, which have been brought up to
household
work; the girl is an excellent sempstress. Whoever inclines to purchase may know the
terms
by
applying
as
above.
I
�Mary Dickinson operated millinery shops in Annapolis and Williamsburg from about 1770 to
1776 when she disappeared from the records. Like other Williamsburg business people, she
generally inserted her advertisements in the Virginia Gazette during the times when the General
Court was in session. She tempted the country people who came to town for the court sessions with
A very elegent Assortment of Millinery, Jewellery, and other Goods, well chosen, and of the latest
Fashions."
Williamsburg,
April 13, 1776
Those gentlemen who are still indebted to the estate of mrs. Clementina Rind, deceased, and mr.
John Pinkney, for Gazettes, etc. are desired to be so obliging as to sendtheir respective balances by
the hands of those gentlemen who are chosen delegates for the respective counties, as they are
expected to meet here the beginning of next month. This will be acknowledged as a particular
favour, as there are many large debts still due from the said estate. Proper accounts and receipts will
be delivered to the persons who settle with their very humble servant,
Jacob Bruce, for the administrator.
Thirteen months Gazette due mrs. Rind' s estate, 13 s. 6 d. Sixteen ditto due mr. John Pinkney,
16 s. 8 d.
On the death of her husband, William, Clementina Rind tooPn the publication of his Virginia
Gazette which he had started in 1766 at the request of some Virginia liberals who found Royle' s
Gazette too much" under influences as to be obliged to Print what he is directed and nothing else."
Clementina managed the paper for about a year until her death in 1774. It was continued by her
kinsman, John Pinkney, until 1776 when publication ceased, probably because offinancial setbacks.
In June 1777 Pinkney moved to North Carolina when he was appointed public printer for that
state.
He left his Williamsburg affairs in the hands of Jacob Bruce.
41
5 Pak
Colonial
Williamsburg
Foundation
�
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
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These Boisterous Times
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Colonial Williamsburg Foundation
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Colonial Williamsburg Foundation
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1976
Description
An account of the resource
“<em>These Boisterous Times…</em>” The Week in ’76 was a newsletter produced by the Colonial Williamsburg Department of Preservation and Research in 1976. Compiled by historian Harold Gill, the newsletter consisted of notable entries from the Virginia Gazette newspaper dated 1776 along with some additional historical background of the mentioned event or person. The newsletter was intended to assist Colonial Williamsburg’s interpreters with adding additional emphasis to events associated with 1776 during the celebration of the American Revolution Bicentennial (United States Bicentennial) in 1976.
Dublin Core
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Title
A name given to the resource
These Boisterous Times April 1-10, 1976
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Colonial Williamsburg Foundation
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Colonial Williamsburg Foundation
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1976-04-10
-
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fb76f14d27352bb6c7b9d7084cef66ff
PDF Text
Text
04ryt-?Jk.60ti IK
a
_
...
11111-101
ISq
1
14
- Q4, r,„.,
7—.
These iioisterous Times.. .
r--
1
tipi ...Ail
\
i'
''
=
Alexander
Purdie, Virginia Gazette,
January 1, 1776
ac",,,
F,,
MARCH 1976
RECORD .
March 14-
COPY .
o
20, 1976
1'
i`
I
I
e
'""`
0"
March 19, 1776
On March
19 Blovet Pasteur
received payment from
the Committee
of Safety for"
maintenance"
of a prisoner of war.
Blovet Pasteur was the son of Jean Pasteur, a Huguenot barber and wigmaker, who arrived in
Williamsburg in 1700. Pasteur, a silversmith, owned a house on Nicholson Street but evidently
rented a shop next to the Raleigh Tavern from Alexander Craig. In 1767 he described
his shop" next
Pasteur sold imported
door
below
merchandise
the
Raleigh
tavern."
Like
other
craftsmen,
Williamsburg
in his shop:
Just Imported by the Subscriber, and to be Sold reasonably, at his Shop, in Williamsburg, A Choice
Assortment of Silver and Stone Work, consisting of Buckles, Buttons, etc. of the newest
Fashions.
Blovet Pasteur.
In 1778 Pasteur made buckles and buttons and mended " several small articles" for William
Cabell, a member of the General Assembly from Amherst County.
Pasteur died about 1790. Thomas Nelson wrote in 1802 that " he had been a mechanic and was
before the peace and until his death a perfect cripple. I believe he lived principally upon the
bounty
of
a
brother."
His benevolent brother was William Pasteur, the well- known Williamsburg
physician.
March 21-
27, 1976
March
23,
1776
Run away from the Vineyard, a little below Williamsburg, a Negro Man named Saundy, 5 Feet 6
Inches high, about 27 Years old, knock kneed; had on, when he went away, a dark red Newmarket
Coat. I have been informed he is lurking about Williamsburg. Whoever brings him to me shall have
15 s. Reward, besides what the law allows.
Andrew Estave.
Andrew Estave, a native of Bordeaux, France, arrived in Virginia about 1770. Encouraged by
Lord Botetourt, the House of Burgesses purchased a tract of land on York Road about a mile east of
Williamsburg for the purpose of establishing a wine industry in the Colony. Estave was engagedTheto
develop
the
vineyard using wild local grapes
that
he claimed
resembled
the`
Burgundy king."
Assembly allowed Estave six years to produce a marketable wine. In 1776 the Assembly appointed
a committee to report on the state of the vineyard. The committee found that about ten acres were
planted with 30, 000 vines, the buildings were in good repair, and the slaves were healthy, and it
recommended that the project be financed for a year or two longer. Despite the report, the
Assembly decided to discontinue the project and dispose of the land and slaves. The vineyard
buildings served as a hospital during the Revolution and the land was later given to the College of
William
and Mary.
PAMPHLET FILE
�March 28-
31, 1976
Williamsburg, March 29
This day his excellency Charles Lee, esq; major- general in the continental army, arrived at headquarters in this city, to take the command of the Virginia troops, attended by Otway Byrd and Lewis
Morris, esqrs, his excellency' s aids- de-camp, his secretary, mr. Nourse, mons. Le Brun, engineer,
and the rest of his suite.
Charles Lee, a retired British officer who had served in America during the French and Indian
War and later served as a major general in the Polish army, arrived in America in 1773. He
immediately encouraged the patriot leaders to raise an army and on June 17, 1775, the Continental
Congress appointed him a major general in the Continental army. After serving in the Boston seige,
where"
his
command
dirty
habits and obscenity gave
Department.
offense,"
on March 17, 1776, Congress assigned him the
of the Southern
When Lee arrived in Williamsburg, the Virginia officers in the city expressed their" high satisfaction" on his appointment. But Lee' s high- handed behavior soon caused some Virginia leaders to be
uneasy. After he appropriated the College of William and Mary for a military hospital, the Committee of Safety warned Lee not to " repeat such acts of power which though not intended may
produce destructive consequences as it will convey to the people an Idea of our being subjected to
an absolute military government whilst we are straining every nerve in defence of liberty."
At the Battle of Monmouth, in June 1778, Lee faced his first test as a field commander and he
failed it miserably. He was courtmartialed for his conduct and was suspended from service for a
year. At the end of the year Lee heard that Congress intended to dismiss him and he wrote such an
offensive
letter to Congress that he was dismissed.
He died in Philadelphia
in 1782.
Compiled by Harold B. Gill, Jr.
k.
sue.
Colonial
Williamsburg
Foundation
�
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These Boisterous Times
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Colonial Williamsburg Foundation
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Colonial Williamsburg Foundation
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1976
Description
An account of the resource
“<em>These Boisterous Times…</em>” The Week in ’76 was a newsletter produced by the Colonial Williamsburg Department of Preservation and Research in 1976. Compiled by historian Harold Gill, the newsletter consisted of notable entries from the Virginia Gazette newspaper dated 1776 along with some additional historical background of the mentioned event or person. The newsletter was intended to assist Colonial Williamsburg’s interpreters with adding additional emphasis to events associated with 1776 during the celebration of the American Revolution Bicentennial (United States Bicentennial) in 1976.
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
These Boisterous Times March 14-31
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Colonial Williamsburg Foundation
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Colonial Williamsburg Foundation
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1976-03-31
-
https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/45914/archive/files/6b88886ee7916f87fe084a5f6cab9fad.pdf?Expires=1712793600&Signature=g3tOrHYcU7lnOjwX0xOcHLRgJT-ytOEITikzruVnCpOGJqeu-sFyUGBGUdnx4rSZd%7EUDrhaXOPVDexRNj9V35H3Qs9PsKOy8DiVUgZgFxwsoD5d5T5U9tyZn-0S7XPBzGgVqFDCeBCd9VLMuPdzqX-Nr8Bagt0pHL-l2BBE9rqrBaHKi6Fl5mOhZglnJss2HJVfp8PssTQB0E0mfgqqe-LqXPAeE1liZPh-JaleY0DwP9EGOEN8TNlZAAaPLC1FEv4mr3BqxQt2ewrF6QqFAxftLqcD9b45LYzvfy779GE1Ju4Kb4P8vn%7EYOEtN0-Y27ITMfuXo1EMOmTiAOT7jwOQ__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM
dc8f3bf48175b5339b22606f6dcd55ff
PDF Text
Text
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Alexander
Purdie,
Virginia
Gazett
January 1, 1776
C
1976
NECCRO
o
March 1- 6, 1976
COPY
o
1
w''
March
1,
Wanted
1776
for the army,
a
large
number
of SHOES,
for which ready money
PAMPHLET FILE
will be given; and I will
engage to take any quantity that can be furnished, throughout the year, from any part of the colony.
Such persons as can supply me, and are willing to engage, will meet with proper encouragement by
applying to the subscriber, or mr. Wm Armistead at the regimental store in Williamsburg.
William Aylett.
The regimental store, or Public Store as it was more commonly called, was established by the
21, 1775, " to provide arms and accoutrements,
on August
cloathes, waggons,
tents, and bedding on the best and cheapest terms" to Virginia troops. The store was in the care of
the Commissary of Stores and all supplies purchased by the State Agent, a purchasing agent, were
delivered to the Public Store. When the store was originally established William Aylett, a
Virginia Convention
merchant, was appointed to both positions. In September 1777 Aylett accepted the position of
Commissary General of the Southern Department and resigned his state offices. The Governor and
Council immediately appointed William Armistead, Aylett' s assistant, Commissary of Stores, and
Thomas Smith State Agent. Armistead held his position until the Public Store was discontinued in
1782.
The Commissary of Stores contracted with many Williamsburg craftsmen for shoes, clothing,
tents, and other supplies and furnished tools and materials to them. The store was housed in
buildings rented from William Hornsby. In October 1778 the state purchased Hornsby' s buildings
and lots for E3, 000.
March 5, 1776
On March 5, 1776, the Committee of Safety in Williamsburg ordered payment to James Slate for
making a sett of Colours for the Mecklenburg minute Battalion."
The first mention of Slate in Williamsburg was in July 1774, when he announced his arrival from
London
in the Virginia
Gazette:
Williamsburg,
July 19, 1774
James Slate, Tailor from London, begs leave to inform the Publick that he has just opened Shop the
second Door below Mr. Anderson' s Tavern, where he carries on his Business in all its Branches, and
will be much obliged to those who may please to favour him with their Custom.
Williamsburgers, always craving the latest fashions from England, must have flocked to Mr.
Slate, because two months after his first advertisement Slate offered " good encouragement" for
one or two Journeymen Tailors that understand their Business well."
Not only did Slate make flags for the Mecklenburg Minute Battalion, but he made them for other
units as well. There is no indication of the design of the flags, but each flag required 31/
4 yards of
persian,
a
silk fabric. Slate
also
made
uniforms,
tents,
and knapsacks
in large
numbers.
In
June
1776
�he advertised for three more journeymen tailors. In October and December 1777 he was paid over
el for making clothes for Bawbee, an Indian attending the College of William and Mary.
Bawbee, the half-breed son of a French trader in Detroit, arrived in Williamsburg from Fort Pitt
in November 1775. Dr. Thomas Walker brought Bawbee to Williamsburg to he entered into
William and Mary. Bawbee returned to his people in 1779 and spread unfavorable reports about
the Virginians.
March 7- 13, 1976
March 7, 1776
Williamsburg, March 8.
Yesterday 32 members of the Assembly met at the Capitol, pursuant to adjournment; which not
being a sufficient number to proceed on business, and no representative of the King appearing, they
thought proper farther to adjourn, to the First Thursday in May next, when that honourable body
will meet, as well as the General Convention, for the discussion of sundry important matters,
tending to the safety and well-being of the colony, and of America in general.
During the June session of the General Assembly, which met from June 1 to June 24, 1775,
Governor Dunmore fled Williamsburg because he believed his life was in danger. Nothing the
House of Burgesses
October meeting
could do convinced
not enough
Dunmore
appeared
to return,
so it adjourned
until October.
At the
proceed to Business." The House of Burgesses
again adjourned until the first Monday in March 1776. Still too few members appeared and the
members
to
House adjourned until May 6. On that day the minutes read:
Several Members met, but did neither proceed to Business, nor adjourn, as a House of Burgesses.
Finis.
March 9, 1776
Williamsburg,
March 9.
Last Saturday Captain Gregory' s company of regulars, from Charles City, and two others from
Spotsylvania, commanded by Captains Towles and Stubblefield, came to town; and this week also
arrived Capt. Smith' s company from King and Queen, Capt. Faulkner' s from Chesterfield, Capt.
Johnson' s from Lunenberg, and Capt. Hawe' s from Caroline. Many more are upon the march, and
hourly expected.
Troups arrived almost daily in Williamsburg to be outfitted and assigned stations. The companies
listed above were equipped with hunting shirts, leggings, and other items furnished by the Public
Store. Capt. Towle' s company was sent to relieve the minutemen stationed at Hampton who were
to be discharged, and Capt. Gregory' s company marched to Suffolk to reinforce the troops stationed
there.
While in Williamsburg the captains received their commissions from the Committee of Safety,
which paid them their recruiting expenses.
Compiled/.' v Harold/ t.Gi//.../h:
Colonial
Williamsburg
Foundation
�
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
These Boisterous Times
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Colonial Williamsburg Foundation
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Colonial Williamsburg Foundation
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1976
Description
An account of the resource
“<em>These Boisterous Times…</em>” The Week in ’76 was a newsletter produced by the Colonial Williamsburg Department of Preservation and Research in 1976. Compiled by historian Harold Gill, the newsletter consisted of notable entries from the Virginia Gazette newspaper dated 1776 along with some additional historical background of the mentioned event or person. The newsletter was intended to assist Colonial Williamsburg’s interpreters with adding additional emphasis to events associated with 1776 during the celebration of the American Revolution Bicentennial (United States Bicentennial) in 1976.
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
These Boisterous Times March 1-13, 1976
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Colonial Williamsburg Foundation
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Colonial Williamsburg Foundation
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1976-03-13